November 21, 1902.] 



SCIENCE. 



805 



knowledge impressed me greatly, and the severe 

 exactness of his method of lecturing was quite to 

 my taste. I do not know that I have ever felt so 

 much respect for anybody as a teacher before or 

 since. 



"Wliarton Jones, who will doubtless be 

 longest remembered as the discoverer of the 

 amoeboid movements of the Avhite blood 

 corpuscles, was an experimental physiol- 

 ogist and pathologist of much originality, 

 and it seems to me that there has not been, 

 even in his own countiy, so full a recogni- 

 tion of his work as its importance merits. 



Before passing to the special theme of 

 this lecture it is fitting that I should pause, 

 if only for a moment, to call to mind with 

 affection and reverence that recently de- 

 parted great man who honored and de- 

 lighted you four years ago, and who has 

 conferred such high distinction upon the 

 office of Huxley lecturer. When one con- 

 siders the full import of the discovery and 

 establishment by Virchow of the principles 

 of cellular pathology, that this constitutes 

 the secure foundation upon which nearly 

 two generations have built and future gen- 

 erations will continue to build the edifice 

 of scientific medicine, I do not know what 

 greater name there is in the whole history 

 of medicine than that of Rudolf Virchow. 

 How noble his character !^ With what 

 amazing industry, versatility and keenness 

 of intellect did he fruitfully cultivate the 

 new fields which he had opened to re- 

 search as well as other departments of 

 science ! With what devotion and bene- 

 ficial results did" he give his time and 

 abundant knowledge to the service of the 

 public and of our profession ! We mourn 

 the loss of a hero of medicine and of sci- 

 ence, a benefactor of his race, and we re- 

 joice in the rich fruitage of a long and 

 Avell-spent life. 



The first place in experimental medicine 

 to-day is occupied by the problems of im- 

 munity, and, in accordance -with the trust 



of the Huxley lectureship, which provides 

 that the lecture shall relate to 'recent ad- 

 vances in science, and their bearing upon 

 medicine and surgery,' I have chosen for 

 my theme 'Recent Studies of Immunity, 

 with Special Reference to their Bearing on 

 Pathology.' As it would be hopeless to 

 attempt a complete review of this broad 

 subject within the space of a single lecture, 

 I shall dwell more particularly upon cer- 

 tain of its aspects, not always of necessity 

 the most important ones, which I conceive 

 to be less familiar to most physicians, or 

 which have engaged my attention, although 

 much which I shall say is of course knovm 

 to those who have followed the results of 

 recent work in these new lines of investi- 

 gation. 



Under 'studies of immunity' I have in- 

 cluded, as a matter of convenience, though 

 not with strict accuracy, investigations 

 which, although the direct outgrowth of 

 those primarily directed toward a solution 

 of the problems of immunity, have ex- 

 tended far beyond these bounds, and have 

 revealed specific properties of cells and 

 fluids in health and in disease of the broad- 

 est biological interest. We find illustrated 

 here the familiar fact, nowhere more im- 

 portant to recognize than in medicine, that 

 the sciences are interdependent, that dis- 

 covery in one field sheds light in most 

 diverse and often unexpected directions, 

 and opens new paths to research. We shall 

 see also exemplified the fructifying in- 

 fiuence upon the advancement of knowledge 

 of the discovery and application of new 

 methods of investigation. 



In endeavoring to follow in its intimate 

 workings the contest of the living body 

 with its invaders, the attention of investi- 

 gators has naturally been drawn both to 

 the action of the cells and to the properties 

 of the fluids of the body in this struggle, 

 to the latter sometimes without sufficient 



