Dkcembkk 5, 1902.] 



SCIENCE. 



901 



The official announcements and other 

 circular matter connected with the Con- 

 gress will be distributed through the Amer- 

 ican committee as soon as the documents 

 are received from Berlin. Any members 

 of the society to whom these circulars may 

 not be sent can secure them by writing to 

 the chairman of the American committee. 

 Chemists not members of the American 

 Chemical Society are also cordially invited 

 to participate in the Congress both as mem- 

 bers and as authors of papers, and the same 

 courtesies will be extended to them, if so 

 desired, as are offered above. 



H. W. Wiley, 

 Member of Permanent Committee on 

 Organization and Chairman of 

 American Committee. 



SCIENTIFIC BOOKS. 



RECENT PAPERS ON THE EMBRYOLOGY, STRUCTURE 

 AND HABITS OF LIVING BRACHIOPODA. 



1. Ohservations on Living Brachiopoda. By 

 Edward S. Morse. Memoirs Boston Sec. 

 Nat. Hist., Vol. 5, No. 8, 1902. 4to. Pp. 

 313-386; pis. 39-61. 



2. The Embryology of a BracMopod, Terehrat- 

 ulina septentrionalis Couthouy. By Ed- 

 win G. CoNKLiN. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc, 

 Vol. 41, No. 168, 1902. 8vo. Pp. 41-76; 

 pis. 1-10. 



3. On the Development of Lingula anatina. 

 By Naohide Tatsu. Jour. College of Sci- 

 ence, Imp. Univ. Tokyo, Japan, Vol. 17. 

 Art. 4, 1902. 8vo. Pp. 1-112; pis. 1-8. 



4. Notes on the Histology of Lingula anatina 

 Brugiere. By Naohide Tatsu. Ihid., Vol. 

 17, Art. 5, 1902. 8vo. Pp. 1-29 ; pis. 1, 2. 



5. On the Haiits of the Japanese Lingula. By 

 Naohide Tatsu. Annotationes Zoologicse 

 Japonensis, Vol. 4, Pt. 2, 1902. 8vo. Pp. 

 61-67. 



The publication of studies on living Brach- 

 iopoda seems to have become almost epidemic 

 during the present year. Sporadic papers 

 have appeared during the past ten years, but 

 no marked infection has occurred until now. 



The results are most satisfactory, for the con- 

 tributions here noticed are of a high degree of 

 excellence and constitute a decided advance 

 in our knowledge of the habits, anatomy and 

 embryology of this interesting class, whose 

 culmination was attained far back in the 

 Paleozoic era. 



Professor Morse possesses the unique dis- 

 tinction of having first studied the early 

 stages and embryology of a brachiopod. His 

 observations on the embryology of Tereirat- 

 ulina and the systematic position of the 

 Brachiopoda were published thirty years ago. 

 The importance of the subject led him to 

 visit Japan, where the adjacent seas offer the 

 greatest inducement to the student of the re- 

 cent species of this class. The allurements 

 of Japanese art have prevented the publica- 

 tion of the studies then made until the present 

 time. It is quite remarkable that so few of 

 his observations have been anticipated dur- 

 ing the intervening years, though the publica- 

 tions of Joubin and Blochmann have indeed 

 covered many of the details relating to 

 Lingula and Discinisca. 



Morse's observations refer principally to the 

 genera Lingula, Glottidia, Discinisca, Eemi- 

 thyris, Dallina, Terehratalia and Terehrat- 

 ulina. The points of especial interest com- 

 prise the discussion of the otocysts, pharyngeal 

 glands, the accessory hearts of Hancock, the 

 strand-like spermaries, the pallial circulation, 

 the life attitudes of different forms, and par- 

 ticularly the varied and graceful movements 

 of the brachia. The strand-like spermaries 

 and the pharyngeal glands are characters 

 heretofore undescribed, and further details 

 are given regarding the external glands first 

 described by the author. The presence of 

 otocysts in Lingula and Glottidea are defi- 

 nitely shown although Blochmann has doubted 

 their existence in these genera. The organs 

 described by Hancock as the ' heart ' and the 

 ' accessory hearts ' have been frequently in- 

 vestigated by various observers, but no final 

 conclusion has been reached. The author 

 shows that they cannot well belong to the 

 circulatory system, but must be regarded as 

 in some way connected with the genitalia, 

 though their precise functions have not been 



