﻿66 the Entomologist. 



Note on Cidaria immanata fbom Iceland. — After careful examina- 

 tion of the specimens of Cidaria that I captured in Iceland during July 

 and August, 1889, Mr. South arrived at the conclusion that all are referable 

 to Cidaria immanata, and none to the closely allied C. truncata (russata). 

 By far the larger proportion of the specimens of C. immanata were taken 

 at Arnefjord, Dyrafjord, and Onundafjord, on the west coast of Iceland, July 

 30th and 31st, and the greater number belong either to the dark typical 

 form, or to the reddish one so common at Rannoch. The Rannoch form, 

 so far as my observation went, is, on the whole, the most abundant, though 

 typical C. immanata is widely distributed, occurring at Saudarkrok and 

 Akureyri on the north, and Eskefjord on the east coast. I only captured 

 five specimens of C. immanata at Reykjavik, and these were all of the 

 Rannoch form. Its comparative scarcity in the neighbourhood of the 

 capital may be attributed to the fact that it was then (July 26th), only 

 beginning to emerge from the chrysalis. Its scarcity at Isafjord, on the 

 west coast, and at all the fjords on the north and east coasts (after it had 

 appeared in plenty elsewhere), can hardly be assigned to the supposition of 

 its disappearance at so early a date as the first week of August ; it is far 

 more reasonable to suppose that the higher latitude of some districts, and 

 the more Alpine character of other regions, or both causes combiued, 

 account for its absence or scanty appearance. It is perfectly true, that as 

 I landed at thirteen fjords where no previous visit of any entomologist has 

 been recorded, to my knowledge, I had no means of knowing the best 

 locality for insects during the one or two hours or one day that I was en- 

 abled to spend there ; but, on the other hand, it must be borne in mind 

 that at certain of these fjords above-mentioned Geometridae were easily dis- 

 covered, occurred in plenty, and very near the landing-place, and also that 

 my experience of the rarity of moths at Siglufjord tallies with that of 

 Finsterwalden in 1856, this being the only place adjacent to the Arctic 

 Ocean that was similarly surveyed by the German Expedition of that year. 

 Var. marmorata, among the Iceland specimens, is somewhat sparingly 

 represented. Of the form of marmorata in which the reddish tint is 

 suffused over the whole of the fore wings, instead of being confined to 

 the base and extremities, as in the ordinary type of this var., there are 

 only two specimens, and these are from Dyrafjord. There is also one spe- 

 cimen of " pythonissata " of Milliere, from Arnefjord. As regards Icelandic 

 varieties, I took two specimens of this moth, shortly before leaving Reykjavik, 

 that I named "cjornensis," as found in the sloping meadows above " cjorn," 

 or the lake in rear of the cathedral, but which I found to have been 

 previously discovered by Staudinger, and by him named " thingvallata," 

 from Thingvellir, the place of its capture. The name cjornensis may, 

 however, possibly be allowed to stand, in reference to an intermediate form 

 between the ordinary marmorata and the thingvallata of Staudinger, of 

 which I also took two specimens, one above the cjorn or lake, and the other 

 a few days later, at Dyrafjord. It is remarkable that this last var. exactly 

 corresponds to one in Mr. South 's collection, taken at York. — (Rev.) F. A. 

 Walker, D.D. 



Sugaring. — My own experience quite agrees with all that has been 

 written recently, respecting the comparative failure of sugar in attracting 

 Lepidoptera. I think the subject of interest, and should like to see the 

 opinions of experienced collectors as to the cause of this unproductiveness, 

 which has been noticed by so many. Somewhat indifferent health has 



