﻿356 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



noticed fine specimens of this insect with the under surface of 

 hind wings a beautiful yellow. Larvae feeding upon their usual 

 fare as late as the frosty mornings of November. 



1888 : May 21st— September 26th. 1889 : April 27th— Sep- 

 tember 27th. 1890 : April 5th— October 14th. 



P. napi. — Another common butterfly, more so perhaps than 

 is generally admitted, because this and the last run counter to 

 each other, owing to their being placed in the same category, 

 viz., the middle-sized whites; and for this cause I do not deal 

 with this insect with the same amount of certainty as with all the 

 rest ; the experience of the past season has confirmed my opinion 

 that I have hitherto under-estimated this fly as regards individuals. 

 The greatest plent}^ it has been noticed, was in May, 1889, on a 

 piece of marsh land, where Cardamine pratensis was in flower and 

 very plentiful. The insect was fluttering about in all directions, 

 leaning most to a damp spot of several acres in extent, which was 

 alive with them. This profusion of any one species in a given 

 locality has only once been exceeded in my experience, which was 

 an August brood of the wall-butterfly. The present species starts 

 its season in April, but it is not till May is fairly in that it is seen 

 in average numbers. During June it does not occur as commonly 

 as the two preceding species of Pieris ; from the middle of July 

 and through August it is plentiful enough, resorting now more to 

 cultivated tracts, scarcely occurring at all on the above-mentioned 

 marsbland. In September this fly apparently fails about the 

 third week. Some of the individuals met with are very small. 

 Caterpillar is said to feed upon rape (Brassica napus). Personally 

 I have never found it on that plant, but have seen large batches 

 of them faring upon "kohl rabi " (B. oleraceam/ulozrapa)', it 

 doubtless also feeds on ordinary garden greens. 



1888 : May 22nd— October 1st. 1889 : May 4th— September 

 29th. 1890 : April 28th— October 9th. 



Euchloe cardamines (Anthocharis cardamines). — Perhaps of all 

 our butterflies this has the most characteristic name, at least as 

 regards the male. This flying flower is the pretty insect that 

 comes careering across the croquet lawn on a fine June afternoon, 

 seldom failing to elicit a remark from our non- entomological 

 players ; but it may be safe to say the lady insect loses the 

 honour conferred upon her more attractive partner. This fly is 

 generally considered to be abroad in April, but here in our flat, 

 bleak district it does not occur till May, and not before the end 

 of the third week. After once out, however, it is to be seen 

 almost daily for the remainder of the month to about the middle 

 of June, after which it falls off rapidly. Was most abundant of 

 all in June, 1888 ; and on June 26th, 1889, I noticed a solitary 

 male at Manea in Cambridgeshire. I have noticed no variation 

 in the orange patch, neither met with the species in the pre- 

 liminary stages. 



