Xo. 2.] PROTECTIVE RESEMBLANCES IN SPIDERS- 77 



using a magnifying glass and turning tlie branch from side to 

 side, only two or three of the radii being visible from any one 

 point of view. The web, moreover, is built in such a place that 

 the spider is easily confounded with the objects among which 

 it is seen.* To these characteristics we must add its habit of 

 making a number of roughened grayish or brownish cocoons, 

 and of so disposing them in the web, either heaped one above 

 another or strung along tip to tip, that they seem to be nothing 

 more than a mass of rubbish. 



Out of seven examples of the species taken during one 

 summer, five were found in dead tamarack branches, one on a 

 dead bush, and the seventh, an interesting variety, under the 

 eaves of a porch. My eye was caught by what seemed to be a 

 string of eleven cocoons (it is not common to see more than four 

 in a web). On attempting to take them down I was surprised 

 to see one of the supposed cocoons begin to shake the web vio- 

 lently. Ten were what they seemed to be, but the eleventh was 

 the mother spider, whose color and general appearance was 

 exactly like that of the little cases that she had made for her 

 eggs. 



The plumipes which is represented in Plate IV was 

 brought from a tamarack swamp and placed on some dead 

 branches in the corner of a porch. She proved a most patient 

 little model, hanging in one position all day long. When the 

 drawing began she had one cocoon ; two more appeared at 

 intervals of three days. She lived in the porch for several 

 weeks. At one time, becoming dissatisfied with her position, 

 she raised her cocoons seven inches, to a higher crotch in the 

 branch, and there built a new web. She moved rather slowly. 



From the descriptions of U. productus, Q. borbonicus and 

 U. Walckenserius, these species must be close to plumipes in 

 shape and general coloring, in habits, in the character of their 

 webs and in the form and color of their cocoons. 



* Simon saj'S of this species : "II s'etablit soit sur les brqussailles seches, soit 

 dans les trous des vieux murs; 11 se tient toujours les pattes etendues longitudinale- 

 raent et seconfond avecles objets sur lesquelsll est place." Arackitides de France, 

 Vol. I, p. 169. 



