No. 2.] PROTECTIVE RESEMBLANCES IN SPIDERS. 85 



habitat." * A more peculiar example is D. sex-punctatus, which 

 is said by Dr. McCook to have a tint like that of the water 

 upon which it is constantly found. f 



In the Thomisidte we find the rule holding good through 

 whole genera with scarcely an exception, as with Xysticus and 

 Synema, whose members, colored yellowish brown or gray, 

 haunt fences and tree-trunks. These spiders, moreover, often 

 have the body very much flattened, so that they the more 

 easily escape notice and can readily conceal themselves by 

 slipping into cracks and crevices. 



In the Drassidffi we have the same resemblance, as in H. 

 ecclesiasticus, a gray spider found running on walls, and in H. 

 bilineatus, whose distinct black and white would seem to render 

 it conspicuous, but really have the opposite effect on the stony 

 beaches where it is found. 



A spider of another family, Hersilidia lucasii, is spoken of 

 by Cambridge as follows : "Their position is usually with the 

 legs extended flat upon the under side of the stone, with the 

 sandy-yellow, mottled color of which the color of the spider 

 so admirably agrees that it requires a practiced eye to 

 detect it." J 



Another general rule is that spiders living in dark places 

 are dull-colored, usually having more or less livid white, 

 mingled with gray, as Pholcus phalangoides, which is pale with 

 dark bands, and is common in cellars ; or Meta menardi, which 

 is dull brown and yellow with light stripes, and lives in damp, 

 shady places or in caves. Many species of Clubiona come 

 under this head. They have commonly pale or livid coloring 

 and are found under bark or stones, in caves, etc. 



Turning from these to the brightly colored spiders the 

 most obvious instances of protective coloring are the green 

 species which live on leaves. Such are Lyssomanes viridis and 

 many other Lyssomanse, which are of a faded yellow color in 



* Loc. c ^^, p. 16. 

 t Loc. cit.. p. 174. 

 ; Catalogue of a Collection of Egyptian Spiders, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1876, p. 563. 



