no 



SCIENCE 



[N. S. «.'0L. XXVI. No. 656 



by in proportion to his demonstrated abili- 

 ties, education and experience, and his 

 readiness to work in cooperative relations 

 with his fellows. For these and many 

 other reasons which show that education is 

 useful to all the men who are willing to 

 profit by it, the organizations and associa- 

 tions of workmen should not oppose, but 

 should favor, the purposes of trades schools 

 and foremen 's schools. Happily, the more 

 influential of such organizations are com- 

 ing more and more to lend their favor to 

 such schools. 



This brings me to the second of the above- 

 mentioned contributing causes to the con- 

 trast between the condition of develop- 

 ment of the agricultural and the industrial 

 schools. Relatively few men have come to 

 large fortunes through agricultural pur- 

 suits, but those whose fortunes have been 

 so founded have ordinarily discharged 

 their obligation by extending their personal 

 favor and aid to agricultural education, 

 and through endowments given for the 

 same cause. Indeed, large numbers of 

 men who have only won a fair competency 

 through agricultural pursuits have given 

 liberally of their time and even of money 

 for the encouragement and support of 

 agricultural education, and have seen to it 

 that the expenditures have been made in 

 the manner most useful to the people. 



I am sorry to say that the men who have 

 made fortunes through the manufacturing 

 industries and transportation have seem- 

 ingly not proportionally supported indus- 

 trial education. Some large endowments 

 and bequests have been worthily bestowed 

 where the income is used in engineering 

 education, and a few endowments are di- 

 rected toward the support of trades schools, 

 but all that has thus far been done is 

 wholly inadequate and disproportionately 

 small in comparison with the annual re- 



turns coming each year from the manu- 

 factm-ing and transportation industries. 



The men who have come to wealth 

 through association with these industries 

 seem to prefer to found great art galleries 

 or museums rather than industrial schools. 

 Galleries and museums have been pro- 

 claimed more widely, and their needs may 

 have thus been brought more directly to 

 the attention of those who have come to 

 fortune through the industries and have 

 money to bestow. In respect to that, while 

 asserting that I will not take second place 

 to any one in appreciation of the fine in- 

 fluences of art galleries and museums, I 

 also insist that at the present juncture of 

 education in this nation any man with a 

 fortune to bestow can do a more pervading 

 good by aiding the engineering schools to 

 develop the work of engineering research, 

 and by establishing schools for industrial 

 foremen to be directed with the assistance 

 and advice of the engineering schools. 



Our communities maintain manual-train- 

 ing schools and here and there a trades 

 school, and great professional engineering 

 schools are maintained in the east by 

 private endoAvments and in the great states 

 of the west by appropriations from the 

 state governments; but there still remains 

 a gap in industrial education which lies 

 between the elementary trades schools and 

 the professional engineering schools of uni- 

 versity grade. This gap must be filled and 

 it will be filled promptly if the men who 

 are and who ought to be members of this 

 society do their duty. It is imperative to 

 give to the thousands of young men who 

 are to make the bulk of the corporals and 

 sergeants of industry that education which 

 makes for self-support in the best sense, 

 makes for proper parentage, and makes for 

 a good grade of thoughtful citizenship (to' 

 which foremen's schools may be directed in 

 keen fashion), before the education which 



