November 29, 1907] 



SCIENCE 



743 



total number of degrees awarded in course, 

 exclusive of honorary degrees and of di- 

 plomas for teaching and the like, it is seen 

 that the greatest^ number, namely, 1,187, 

 was awarded by Harvard, the other institu- 

 tions ranking in the following order: 

 Michigan, 876; Columbia, 809; Yale, 800; 

 Cornell, 714 ; Illinois, 616 ; Pennsylvania, 

 557 ; Chicago, 538 ; Wisconsin, 516 ; North- 

 western, 508; Minnesota, 502; California, 

 482 ; New York University, 409 ; Princeton, 

 336; Syracuse, 327; Iowa, 325; Nebraska, 

 296; Indiana, 291; Missouri, 263; Ohio 

 State, 249; Kansas, 246; Stanford, 234; 

 Johns Hopkins, 154, and Virginia, 141. 

 The largest number of honorary degrees, 

 namely 30, was granted by Yale, Pennsyl- 

 vania following with 27 and Harvard with 

 22. Several institutions gave no degrees 

 honoris causa, the average number for the 

 other institutions that did award them be- 

 ing five each. 



Harvard, with 589, leads in the number 

 of bachelor of arts degrees conferred ; Yale, 

 follows with 347, and then come Michigan, 

 316; Wisconsin, 250; Stanford, 219; Min- 

 nesota, 193 ; Columbia, 189 ; Indiana, 186 ; 

 Nebraska, 166 ; Cornell, 154, and Princeton, 

 151. The degree of bachelor of philosophy 

 is still popular at Yale, where it was con- 

 ferred upon 211 graduates of the Sheffield 

 scientific school; at Chicago, where it was 

 awarded to 189 graduates, and at Syracuse 

 and Wisconsin, where it was given to 110 

 and 28 students, respectively. The degree 

 of bachelor of letters is in vogue principally 

 at California (148), Virginia (60), and 

 Princeton (58). Most of the institutions 

 on the list award the degree of bachelor of 

 science, but it is difficult to determine in 

 every instance whether it is given on the 

 completion of a college course or upon the 

 completion of a professional course in engi- 

 neering, chemistry, architecture, or the 

 like. It is not at all a rare occurrence to 

 have the degrees of civil engineer, electrical 



engineer, mechanical engineer, and engi- 

 neer of mines, conferred for graduate 

 work, the B.S. being given upon the com- 

 pletion of the regular undergraduate engi- 

 neering course. Michigan, for example, 

 awarded 154 bachelors of science in engi- 

 neering, but only 2 E.E.'s and 2 Mech. 

 E.'s, and similarly, Pennsylvania awarded 

 65 B.S.'s in engineering, but only 3 Mech. 

 E.'s, the same custom being followed at 

 Iowa, Missouri, Nebraska and New York 

 University. Grouping together the various 

 kinds of engineering degrees as well as 

 those in the related departments of chem- 

 istry and architecture, we find that Cornell 

 heads the list with 347, followed by Michi- 

 gan, 158 ; Pennsylvania, 100 ; Columbia, 

 94 ; Ohio State, 79, and Missouri, 75. How- 

 ever, California granted 162 B.S.'s, Illi- 

 nois, 161 ; Wisconsin, 119 ; Harvard, 96 ; 

 Chicago, 75 ; Pennsylvania, 72, and North- 

 western, 69, and some of these may have 

 been awarded at the completion of a pro- 

 fessional course. 



The greatest number of baccalaureate 

 degrees in law was awarded by Michigan 

 (214), which is followed by Harvard, 196; 

 New York University, 129 ; Minnesota, 87 ; 

 Columbia, 75 ; Pennsylvania, 73, and Yale, 

 72. New York University also gave 16 

 LL.M.'s and 3 J.D.'s, while Chicago gave 

 30 J.D.'s to students who held a bac- 

 calaureate degree in arts or science before 

 entering the law school. In medicine 

 (M.D.) the order is as follows: Illinois, 

 147 ; Northwestern, 131 ; Pennsylvania, 

 113 ; Columbia, 93 ; Cornell and Johns 

 Hopkins, 72; Harvard, 70, and New York 

 University, 68. Degrees in veterinary 

 medicine (D.V.M. or D.V.S.) were granted 

 as follows : Cornell, 32 ; Pennsylvania, 27 ; 

 Ohio State, 18, and New York University, 

 7. 



The A.M. is by far the most popular 

 of the master's degrees, although most of 

 the institutions still grant the master of 



