December 6, 1907] 



SCIENCE 



777 



present condition of economic entomology 

 were treated by countries, and in the United 

 States by states. It will be well, therefore, 

 after this consideration of the most general 

 important developments of this application 

 of the science, to look over the field and 

 gain some idea of the material advances in 

 means and facilities — in other words, let 

 us gain some knowledge of the apprecia- 

 tion which our results have brought us 

 from control bodies. 



UNITED STATES 



United States Department of Agricul- 

 ture.— In 1894 the entomological service of 

 the general government was carried' on by 

 the Division of Entomology, an independ- 

 ent division, the head of which reported 

 directly to the Secretary of Agriculture. 

 This office at that time carried an annual 

 appropriation of $30,000, and its force con- 

 sisted of the chief, with eight scientifically 

 trained assistants, and three clerks and 

 messengers. 



At the time of present writing the ento- 

 mological service of the department has 

 been given bureau rank ; its budget for the 

 present year is $340,000, and its pay-roll 

 includes one hundred scientific assistants 

 and two hundred and fifty other employees. 

 Its publications are numerous, and cover 

 the whole field of economic entomology. 

 The general appreciation of its results is 

 most satisfactory. 



The Different States.~ln 1894 the state 

 agricultural experiment stations had been 

 in existence for six years; forty-two states 

 and territories had employed persons to do 

 entomological work. The number of ex- 

 periment station workers who had pub- 

 lished entomological bulletins or reports 

 reached seventy-seven, only twenty-eight 

 of whom were ofScially designated as 

 entomologists to their respective stations. 

 Entomological matter, mostly compiled, 

 has been published by the agricultui-ists 



and horticulturists, and by the botanists, 

 by the pomologists, the veterinarians and 

 the librarians. At the present time the 

 number of states having experiment sta- 

 tions and doing entomological work, in- 

 cluding Hawaii and Porto Rico, is 51. The 

 number of entomologists, assistant ento- 

 mologists, and so on, employed by the sta- 

 tions is 82. 



In 1894 the entomological publications 

 of the experiment stations reached the 

 number of 311, of which 88 were annual 

 reports, 213 were bulletins and 10 were 

 leaflets and circulars. In character the bul- 

 letins and such reports as had definite titles 

 were thrown into three categories— first, 

 those which treated only of insecticides 

 and insecticide machinery — 40 ; second, 

 those which contained compiled accounts 

 of insects, with measures for their destruc- 

 tion — 60; third, those which contained the 

 results of more or less sound, original ob- 

 servation with compiled matter, and matter 

 upon remedies — 117. There were also two 

 small classes, one of which was apiculture, 

 with six pviblications ; the second, classifica- 

 tory publications, of which there were four. 

 Down to the present time the total num- 

 ber of entomological publications of state 

 and agricultural experiment stations has 

 reached 1,300, of which 424 are reports, 

 839 are bulletins, 34 circulars, and 3 api- 

 cultural bulletins. The stations have is- 

 sued over 900 (941) reports in all, of which 

 about one half, on a rough estimate, are 

 entomological, or contain some entomolog- 

 ical matters. The bulletins and circulars 

 may be divided as follows : insecticides and 

 machinery, ■ 251 ; compiled accounts of in- 

 sects, 259 ; more or less original observa- 

 tion, 356. 



As the years have gone on original bulle- 

 tins have increased in number. A critical 

 summary of the results achieved by the 

 experiment station workers would be of 

 great interest, but it must be remembered, 



