782 



SCIENCE 



[N. S. Vol. XXVI. No. 675 



Society at Cairo, Egypt, and Mr. C. W. 

 Jfason has received an appointment in- the 

 Imperial Department of Agriculture in 

 India. The worli, however, by reason of 

 which Mr. Theobald is most prominent in 

 the eyes of the scientific world at present 

 is his great monograph of the mosquitoes 

 of the world, of which four volumes, and 

 one volume of plates, have already been 

 published under the auspices of the British 

 Museum of Natural History for the imme- 

 diate purpose of enabling investigators of 

 the transfer of disease by insects to de- 

 termine the culicids under investigation. 

 From 1901 to 1904 Mr. Theobald was 

 superintendent of the short-lived depart- 

 ment of economic zoology of the British 

 Museum of Natural History. 



The establishment within a year or two 

 of the Association of Economic Biologists 

 in England, and the founding of the Jour- 

 nal of Economic Biology, should be men- 

 tioned as important steps in the work in 

 economic zoology in England. Another 

 important step has been the appointment 

 of Mr. R. Newstead to the School of Trop- 

 ical Medicine at Liverpool. The necessity 

 of this appointment was early seen by 

 Professor Rupert Boyce, Sir Patrick Man- 

 son and Dr. Ronald Ross, and in fact Mr. 

 Newstead 's appointment was the first of 

 its nature that has been made to an institu- 

 tion for medical research following the dis- 

 covery of the tremendous importance of 

 insects in the carriage of disease. It may 

 be incidentally mentioned that at about the 

 same tinje the writer was appointed con- 

 sulting eritomologist to the Public Health 

 and Marine Hospital Service of the United 

 States for the same reason. At Liverpool 

 Mr. Newstead has excellent laboratory fa- 

 cilities in the famous Thompson-Yeates 

 laboratories, gives lectures upon ento- 

 mology and does the whole strictly ento- 

 mological work connected with the most 



important investigations being carried on 

 under that admirable institution. 



IRELAND 



As I am informed by Mr. George H. 

 Carpenter, of Dublin, a great advance in 

 the work of economic entomology in Ire- 

 land resulted from the establishment of 

 the government department of agriculture 

 and instruction in 1900. To this depart- 

 ment were then transferred many of the 

 scientific institutions of Dublin where bio- 

 logical research was carried on, including 

 the Museum of Science and Art and the 

 Royal College of Science. The museum 

 staff to which Mr. Carpenter belonged, as 

 stated in the 1894 address, was in the habit 

 of receiving and answering inquiries about 

 injurious insects, and with the establish- 

 ment of the department the number of 

 these inquiries increased. Popular leaflets 

 on common insect pests were drawn up 

 upon request for the use of farmers 

 throughout the country. In 1901 Mr. Car- 

 penter was appointed lecturer on zoology 

 at the Royal College of Science for Ireland, 

 and entomology forms an important fea- 

 ture of the zoological course. In 1904 he 

 was made a professor in the college. He 

 now possesses good laboratory facilities 

 and funds for the purchase of material. 

 Mr. Carpenter still retains the post of con- 

 sulting entomologist to the Royal Dublin 

 Society, which has issued economic proceed- 

 ings since 1901, and these have formed an 

 excellent channel for the publication of 

 Mr. Carpenter's yearly reviews of injuri- 

 ous animals of Ireland. One feature of 

 the work of the Dublin Museum which it is 

 said has been shown to be valuable is the 

 preparation of small collections of injuri- 

 ous insects for circulation in schools and 

 elsewhere throughout the country. 



GERMANY 



Conditions have not changed to any 

 great degree in Germany in the past thir- 



