December 6, 1907] 



SCIENCE 



783 



teen years. Dr. Holrung still remains 

 director of the station in Halle, where he 

 has excellent laboratory facilities, and an 

 insectary for experimental work. At the 

 Forest School at Tharandt excellent in- 

 struction in regard to forest entomology is 

 given, and there is carried on a large cor- 

 respondence with foresters and proprietors 

 of estates throughout the empire. The en- 

 tomologist at Tharandt is Mr. Behr. Dr. 

 Arnold Jacoby, the former professor of 

 zoology, has been appointed director of 

 the zoological and ethnological museum at 

 Dresden, and no longer gives his attention 

 to forest zoology. He has been succeeded 

 by Dr. Escherich. 



At Eberswalde bei Berlin the Forest 

 School is active under the charge of Dr. 

 Eckstein, who takes a vivid interest in 

 matters relating to forest zoology. Visit- 

 ing this school in May of the present year, 

 the writer was delighted to find the old 

 collections of Ratzeburg preserved in the 

 most excellent condition, and his types re- 

 ceiving admirable care. Questions of agri- 

 cultural entomology are referred to these 

 three stations and others, but there are no 

 especial institutions for the investigation 

 of the life histories of injurious insects. 



The conditions that exist in Germany 

 hold for Austria. 



HUNGARY 



As stated in 1894, the Royal Ento- 

 mological Station at Budapest, then under 

 the direction of Dr. Geza Horvath, was 

 founded by the government in 1881 as a 

 phylloxera station, and as the phyl- 

 loxera problem became more and more 

 elucidated, and the means of defense 

 against the scourge was reduced to a prac- 

 tical basis, the work of the station became 

 directed more and more towards noxious 

 insects in general and thus became an 

 official bureau of investigation in economic 

 entbmology, a result due to Dr. Horvath 's 



administration and to the wisdom of the 

 Hungarian government. Since the last 

 address Dr. Horvath has resigned his posi- 

 tion to accept the post of director of the 

 Royal Natural History Museum in Buda- 

 pest, and has been succeeded in charge of 

 the Entomological Station by his able as- 

 sistant. Professor Josef Jablonowski, who 

 at present has admirably fitted offices in 

 the viticultural station, some three miles 

 from Pesth, and with a small corps of 

 assistants is doing most excellent work. 

 He has been devoting much of his attention 

 of late to the insects injurious to the sugar 

 beet, and to the invasions of locusts into 

 Hungary from the south. Professor Jab- 

 lonowski is an admirably informed man, 

 and it is due to his suggestion that the 

 writer introduced upon a very large scale 

 the wintering nests of the brown-tail moth 

 into Massachusetts. Prior to this sugges- 

 tion it was not known or expected that 

 these newly hatched hibernating larvae 

 would contain parasites; but such is the 

 fact, and hundreds of thousands of these 

 parasites have emerged from introduced 

 nests in Massachusetts, and are probably 

 breeding here now. 



ITALY 



In 1894 the Royal Station of Agri- 

 cultural Entomology at Florence was 

 directed by Professor Adolfo Targioni- 

 Tozzetti, assisted by Dr. Giacomo del 

 Guercio and Professor Antonio Berlese. 

 Since that time there have been changes. 

 Professor Berlese went to Portici, near 

 Naples, to take the professorship of eco- 

 nomic zoology in the Royal Agricultural 

 School. While there, with the assistance 

 of Dr. Filippo Silvestri and Dr. G. 

 Leonardi, he did some of the best M'ork 

 that has been done in entomology in gen- 

 eral, and in its application to agriculture. 

 His publications have covered a wide field, 

 and were admirably and thoroughly done 



