352 



SCIENCE 



[N. S. Vol. XXXI. No. 792 



-qqa (or -kk'' a). Reduplication is used to express 

 not only plurality of subject or object, but also 

 repeated activity; some verb stems always appear 

 in reduplicated form. The pronominal elements 

 are the same as in the case of the possessive suf- 

 fuses; they may either be appended to, not thor- 

 oughly incorporated with, the verb as suffixes, the 

 objective elements always standing nearer the 

 stem, or they may be appended as enclitics to a 

 noun or adverb preceding the verb. When pro- 

 nominal subject and object are both expressed as 

 enclitics they may either appear together in either 

 of the ways just described, or the subject may be 

 attached to a word preceding the verb, while the 

 object is suffixed to the verb; it seems that only 

 third person pronominal enclitic objects can be 

 combined with following enclitic subjects. Ute 

 has both prefixes and suffixes in its verbs, the 

 former being less transparently affixed elements. 

 The most interesting of the prefixes are a set of 

 elements defining body -part instrumentality; some 

 of the ideas expressed by the suffixes are aoristic 

 activity, futurity, intention, momentaneous action, 

 completion and others. An important feature of 

 Ute is the presence of numerous compound verbs, 

 the second stem generally being a verb of going, 

 standing, sitting or lying. Sometimes these sec- 

 ond elements of compounds have quasiformal sig- 

 nificance (thus "to be engaged in eating" is 

 expressed by "to eat-sit"). 



On a RemarJcaile Birch-'bark Fragment found in 

 Iowa: Mr. Wabren K. MooEEnEAD. 

 Some thirteen years ago there were foimd near 

 Fairfield, Iowa, two pieces of oak wood fitted to- 

 gether and covered with gum or wax. The oak 

 had been cut with stone axes, and apparently the 

 wax was of aboriginal origin. There was a slight 

 hollow or cavity in the center of each piece of 

 wood. When the wood was fitted together this 

 cavity would be four inches square and an inch 

 thick. Within this had been folded and placed 

 a strip of birch bark of imknown length. Tlie 

 workmen in digging out this piece of wood struck 

 it with a pick and broke it open. There was a 

 strong wind blowing at the time, and half of the 

 birch bark was blo^vn away and lost. The other 

 fragment was preserved and given to a school 

 teacher. She sent the specimen to Mr. E. S. 

 Peabody, founder of the museum at Andover. 

 The author is convinced of the genuineness of this 

 find. The specimens were submitted for examina- 

 tion and comment, the latter being favorable in 

 respect to their authenticity. 



The Condition of the Ojibway of Hfortheni Min- 

 nesota: Mr. Waeeen K. Mooeehead. 

 This paper, while not strictly ethnological in 

 character, is based upon over four months' resi- 

 dence this summer with these Indians at White 

 Earth, Minn., for the Indian Office, Washington. 

 The Indians have abandoned their old-time cus- 

 toms and taken on many of the vices of the whites. 

 The Mid-di-wi-win, or grand medicine society, was 

 not as of old. Day Dodge, a man of eighty-two, 

 is the sole survivor of the Mid-di-wi-win members 

 of the old school, and to his keeping is entrusted 

 the birch-bark records. He has agreed to trans- 

 late these and present them to the museum at 

 Andover. 



These Indians have been cheated out of fully 

 90 per cent, of the 11,000 allotments of pine 

 timber and farm lands issued to them by the 

 government at Washington. They now live in 

 unsanitary cabins, are crowded together and have 

 lost much of their tribal life. 



The Chronic III Health of Darwin: Dr. Robeet 



Hesslee. 



A study of the chronic ill health of Darwin 

 after the manner of the paleontologist, the data in 

 the " Life and Letters " and " More Letters " be- 

 ing studied in the light of the ill health of a 

 number of individuals who seem to have similar 

 ill health. It is largely a study of environmental 

 infiuences and of interpreting symptoms, not of 

 disease, but of ill health, and showing on what the 

 111 health depended. Tlie paper was illustrated by 

 charts. 



Anthropology in the Peale Museum: Mr. Geo. H. 



Peppee. 



The Peale Museum of Philadelphia was an in- 

 stitution of note in the days when scientific col- 

 lecting was in its infancy. For many years it has 

 been known that it contained a fair-sized collec- 

 tion of anthropological material, but none could 

 say how much or what the character of the speci- 

 mens. 



Charles Willson Peale was the founder of this 

 interesting institution which began its active 

 career in 1794. The general history and a mono- 

 graph on the ornithological specimens have been 

 written, but no record of the anthropological ma- 

 terial is known to exist. In the archives of the 

 Pennsylvania Historical Society an accession 

 book was found. It gives the accessions from 

 1805 to 1842 and it is from these entries that the 

 major part of the information presented in this 

 paper was obtained. The most interesting of 



