Maech 25, 1910] 



SCIENCE 



449 



chairman, of strictly limited powers, on temporary 

 appointment to the post. 



10. Salary. 



A general increase of salary in this rank is an 

 imperative necessity; sufficient evidence of this 

 has been presented. The cost of living has in- 

 creased '50 per cent, in the period of teaching 

 service of these men/ the requirements for promo- 

 tion to the rank are much higher than they were 

 twenty years ago, but there has been little change, 

 on the whole, in the average rate of compensation. 

 The gap between the salary of the assistant pro- 

 fessor and that of full professor has, furthermore, 

 greatly increased, thus adding to the difficulties 

 of the former; for the compactness of the uni- 

 versity community is well known. By taste, 

 training, ability, aims and aspirations, all belong 

 to one social class, with practically similar de- 

 mands and obligations. 



The institution, as well as the men, is loser by 

 the present low standard, as a low mental tone is 

 induced by worry; there is much loss of time in 

 earning the necessary supplemental income, not to 

 speak of the unfortunate dissipation of interest 

 and energy; there is prevention of growth and 

 development; save for single men the salaries are 

 inadequate to provide books, necessary equipment, 

 travel, attendance at meetings of learned societies 

 and associations, or to permit the taking of a 

 sabbatical year. In this latter regard, a sabbatical 

 half-year on full pay is urged. The inade- 

 quacy of the salaries is driving many good men 

 from the profession. " So much is this true that 

 I am now seriously debating whether to resign 

 now, and practise my profession, or to wait an- 

 other year for a possible call to some other place." 

 Or this, from a letter of one who had already 

 resigned before the questionaire reached him: 

 " While I would rather teach than do anything 

 else, and expect to continue in that work, it must 

 be along clinical lines, and my living must come 

 from my practise. In other words, teaching per 

 se, particularly in the fundamental sciences, is a 

 very much underpaid profession — certainly not 

 sufficient for the support of two persons with the 

 possibility of additions." 



A definite and adequate salary scale is a bitter 

 necessity. Parenthetically it may be stated that 

 an average readjustment of 3 per cent, of the total 

 annual budget would probably suffice to relieve 

 the situation in this rank. 



° See " Bradstreet's," December 9, 1S99, and 

 November 13, 1909. 



In summing up the aspirations of these 

 men, I can do no better than to quote the 

 words of the late President Canfield : 



The three controlling desires of every normal 

 man seem to be: 



First, to live. Not merely to exist. Almost 

 any one can exist in these days and especially in 

 this country of ours. Mere existence is so easy 

 and so common that a failure to secure this be- 

 comes noteworthy: the starvation of a single 

 person in a population of nearly eighty millions 

 becomes at once such an item of news that it is 

 wired from one end of the country to the other 

 and is commented upon by the daily press under 

 special headlines. But the normal man desires 

 something more than existence. He desires to 

 live, in the sense that he wishes his fair share of 

 those things which give color and meaning to his 

 century. His home must be more than a mere 

 shelter; it must be convenient and attractive and 

 satisfying. His clothing must be such as to spare 

 him the unfavorable comment of his fellows. 

 Steam and electricity must minister to him, di- 

 rectly or indirectly. The current press must be 

 at his reasonable command. Of libraries and art 

 galleries and museums he must have the privilege 

 of use, and his necessary labor must not deprive 

 him of the opportunity of enjoying that privilege. 

 He must be able to make his house a home by 

 adding a hearth — and there is no hearth for a 

 man but the heart of a woman. In a word, he 

 must be able to live as a breadwinner and husband 

 and father and good citizen ought to live. This 

 is not only his own right, but the rightful demand 

 of the welfare of the entire community. 



Second, to be a man among men. He is not to 

 be content while he remains unrecognized and 

 unknown. He is not simply a unit to be counted, 

 but a man to be weighed and reckoned with. He 

 wishes to stand shoulder to shoulder with his 

 fellows, to look level in the eyes of other men 

 with a sense of equality and power, to feel that 

 his experience and his observation and his result- 

 ing opinions are of value to the world and the 

 value is recognized, that men hesitate as to cer- 

 tain undertakings until they know where he 

 stands. He will not admit that he is only a 

 fraction of a man, but insists that he is at least 

 one of the full integers which make up the sum 

 of life. He is not to be a flint that never strikes 

 fire. His nature desires and demands the esteem 

 and the regard and even the affection of his 

 fellows. 



