Apeil 1, 1910] 



SCIENCE 



491 



years ago. The replies were unanimous 

 that they are so. 



Query 3a, 6, asked the minimum, maxi- 

 mum and average salaries paid in this 

 rank now, and twenty years ago. The re- 

 plies are included in Table VIII. 



The question to be raised here is, ignor- 

 ing all change in cost of living, whether 

 there has been a change in salary com- 

 mensurate with the higher requirements 

 for the position. Of the nine insti- 

 tutions whose data are available, thi'ee 

 (California, Cornell, Stanford) show an 

 actual decrease in the average rate of 

 salary for the assistant professorship; one 

 (Iowa) shows practically no change; one 

 (Yale) an increase of 10 per cent.; one 

 (Kansas) an increase of 20 per cent.; one 

 (Harvard) about 25 per cent.; one (Wis- 

 consin) about 40 per cent.; and one (Min- 

 nesota) 55 per cent. 



The increase at "Wisconsin has been uni- 

 form over the period, as can be seen from 

 the following table : 



Year 1S89 1892 1901 1907 1909 

 Salary $1,250 $1,383 $1,500 $1,636 $1,733 



At Harvard the increase came suddenly 

 about three years ago, due to the Teachers' 

 Endowment Fund; and at Minnesota sud- 

 denly about two years ago, largely due to 

 the pressure brought to bear by the alumni 

 upon the legislature and regents, in con- 

 sequence of which a considerable general 

 increase was made in the salary roll. 



In looking at Table VIII., it should be 

 borne in mind that some of these institu- 

 tions have the associate professorship, in- 

 termediate between assistant and full pro- 

 fessorship, while some do not. 



"New regulations 1909. $1,600 at appointment, 

 100 annual increment four years. 



"An increase of 20 per cent., approximately, in 

 twenty years. 



"Two or three exceptional cases make an ap- 

 parent range from $1,500 to $3,000. 



Query 3c asked, from the point of view 

 of the value of their services to the insti- 

 tution, what would be considered a proper 

 ratio between the average salaries of as- 

 sistant and full professors. 



The replies : 



With us the assistant professor's salary is from 

 $2,000 to $2,500, and the full professor's from 

 $3,000 to $4,500. That indicates our view. — 

 President Judson. 



A little less than double. — President Lowell. 



Assistant professors should have a higher salary. 

 Full professors should have salaries sufficient to 

 induce the best men to follow this occupation. — 

 President Bryan. 



From the point of view of the value of their 

 services to the institution as well as from the 

 point of view of the demands upon them, the 

 assistant professor's salary should be roughly two 

 thirds or three fourths that of the full professor. 

 — President MacLean. 



One to two.- — Dean Templin. 



Average about half. But " full " professors do 

 not always " grade up." — President Jordan. 



Impossible to establish a fixed rate. If pro- 

 fessors get $3,500, assistant professors ought, 

 after trial, to get $2,500. — President Northrop. 



At present the salaries of [assistant professors 

 range from $1,500 to $2,000, average $1,800 and 

 of] full professors here range from $2,200 to 

 $3,000. This seems as fair to the former as to 

 the latter class. — President HiU. 



Question disregards fact that at Wisconsin we 

 have associate professors. — President Van Hise. 



It must depend wholly upon the character of 

 the institution. — President Hadley. 



Queries 4a, 6, c were drawn up to elicit 

 information regarding: {a) Recognition of 

 the existence of a class of permanent assist- 

 ant professors, (&) if it existed, whether 

 the present salaries were adequate for effi- 

 cient life service, and (c) calling for sug- 

 gestions in regard to meeting the problem 

 of a permanent class of assistant pro- 

 fessors. 



The replies: 



(a) Not formally. Practically an assistant 

 professor who may not expect promotion would 

 not be continued in the faculty. (6) It is not 

 considered by us expedient to have such a perma- 



