872 



SCIENCE 



[N. S. Vol. XXXI. No. 805 



A striking illustration of this peculiarity of 

 Romantic literature is to be found in the writing 

 of the German mystics of the fourteenth century. 

 To an analysis of the symbolistic and natural- 

 istic elements of German mystic literature of the 

 fourteenth century the bulk of the paper was 

 devoted. 



The New Shakespeare Discoveries: Felix B. 



ScHELLiNG, Philadelphia. 



The newly discovered references to Shakespeare 

 include amongst other things an anecdote concern- 

 ing his father, a reference to Shakespeare in the 

 capacity of a tax-payer in the parish of St. 

 Helen's Bishops Gate, some other information 

 concerning the coat of arms finally granted to 

 Shakespeare, a reference to Shakespeare as the 

 designer of an impressa for the Earl of Rutland 

 in 1613, and several of the discoveries by Professor 

 C. W. Wallace, recently made in the Public Record 

 OflBce in London. The chief amongst these is the 

 final settlement of the question of the value and 

 proportion of the interest of Shakespeare in both 

 the Blackfriar's and the Globe theaters and a 

 definite proof of his place of abode during the 

 period of some years from 1598 onward. 



jL Gerirum Monk of the Eleventh Century: A. 0. 



HowLAND, Philadelphia. 



A study of the life and writings of Othloh of 

 St. Emmeram to illustrate the reform tendencies 

 in the religious life of south Germany in the 

 eleventh century. The writings of Othloh are of 

 a peculiarly intimate character and contain more 

 autobiographical material than is to be found in 

 any other writings of the period. Besides the 

 information they give us of the writer's own feel- 

 ings and ideals they exhibit the two chief char- 

 acteristics of German religious tendencies in this 

 time— the fostering of an active intellectual life 

 and the inculcation of practical morality. The 

 paper describes the early education of Othloh, his 

 ambition to acquire culture, which led him at one 

 time to contemplate studying in the Moorish 

 schools of Spain, his sudden conversion to the 

 monastic life by what he considered a miracle and 

 his struggles to reconcile the ideals of this new 

 life with his old devotion to poetry and pagan 

 learning. Examples are also given of his moral 

 teachings and his interest in the every-day life of 

 the plain people about him. 



Neio Fields of German-American Research: M. D. 



Leakned, Philadelphia. 



Rich fields for investigation may be found in 

 the German archives for researches on the causes 



of German emigration to the United States. 

 Another promising field is the question of the 

 influence of American ideas on modern Gernian 

 culture. 



The Real Meaning of the Controversy concerning 

 Pragmatism: Albert Schinz, Bryn Mawr. 

 While truth remains always the same, each 

 aspect of truth which we wish to emphasize de- 

 pends upon accidental circumstances. This is the 

 case of pragmatism, which gives the useful as the 

 criterion of truth. There are two sorts of useful, 

 the scientifically useful and the socially or morally 

 useful. There are conflicts between the two. In 

 such cases of conflict, pragmatists try to substi- 

 tute the second for the first, e. g., they advocate 

 freedom of the will, or religion on the ground of 

 their moral usefulness. The conclusion is that 

 pragmatism is not really a philosophy of truth, 

 but a philosophy of the expedient, socially speak- 

 ing; and although pragmatists refuse to acknowl- 

 edge openly what is clearly contained in their 

 premises, it implies stopping science wherever 

 science conflicts with morality. The author real- 

 izes the importance of the social problem involved, 

 but would propose another solution. Instead of 

 stopping science, let us be very cautious in spread- 

 ing abroad the results of science; let us do away 

 with such institutions as university extension and 

 popular science in magazines. Such pseudo-philos- 

 ophies like pragmatism ought to be rendered use- 

 less by a better economy of scientific truth. 



Physical Notes on Meteor Crater, Arizona : 



William F. Maqie, Princeton. 



Meteor Crater is a vast crater situated in 

 Coconino County, Arizona, formed by the impact 

 of an iron meteorite, or group of meteorites. 

 Scattered specimens of these meteorites (the 

 Canyon Diabolo siderites and the shale baii sider- 

 ites) are found around the crater, but the main 

 mass has not yet been found. It probably is 

 buried 1,000 feet below the surface. 



1. The Canyon Diabolo iron shows a magnetic 

 permeability not very different from that of cast 

 iron. The shale ball iron seems to be generally 

 similar to it in its magnetic properties. Several 

 observations indicate an intrinsic magnetization, 

 peculiarly arranged, in the shale ball iron. The 

 sheets of iron oxide, formed from the shale ball 

 iron, are often intrinsically magnetic, but have 

 very low permeability. 



The magnetic field of the crater shows no local 

 peculiarities such as would be expected from the 

 presence of a large continuous mass of iron. The 



