462 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XIX. Xo.481. 



designated as vascular shock and is due to a 

 long-lasting loss of activity of the vaso-con- 

 strictor center. 



2. A second important result of shock is a 

 very rapid and feehle heart beat. This con- 

 dition is designated as cardiac shock; since, 

 although it may result secondarily from the 

 permanent fall in blood pressure, it may also 

 occur quite independently of the vascular 

 shock as a primary result of the operations. 

 Cardiac shock, so far at least as the rate of 

 beat is concerned, is due to a more or less 

 permanent loss of activity of the eardio-in- 

 hibitory center. 



3. Intravenous infusions of alkaline salt 

 solutions (NaCl, 0.6 per cent. — 'Sa.fiO^, 0.5 

 per cent.) cause a rise of pressure by in- 

 creasing the force of the heart beat. The 

 effect is more durable than with salt solution 

 alone and may be renewed by repeating the 

 injection. 



4. The fundamental cause of vascular and 

 cardiac shock is not exhaustion of the vaso- 

 motor and cardio-inhibitory centers from over- 

 activity, but a more or less permanent inhibi- 

 tion of these centers from excessive stimula- 

 tion of the inhibitory paths. 



New Members. — Drs. Isaac Levin and J. P. 

 Atkinson were elected to membership. 



Officers for the ensuing term were elected 

 as follows: 



President — S. J. Meltzer. 

 Vice-President — James Ewing. 

 Secretary — William J. Gies. 

 Librarian — Graham Lusk. 

 Treasurer — Gary N. Calkins. 



WlLLU-M J. GlES, 



Secretary. 



THE AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY. 



A REGULAR meeting of the American Mathe- 

 matical Society was held at Columbia Univer- 

 sity on Saturday, February 27. The Amer- 

 ican Physical Society met at the same time 

 and place, and an especially interesting fea- 

 ture of the occasion was the presidential ad- 

 dress of President A. G. Webster of the Phys- 

 ical Society on ' Somie practical aspects of the 

 relations between physics and mathematics,' 



which was delivered before a joint session of 

 the two societies. 



The attendance at the meeting of the Mathe- 

 matical Society was about forty-five. Presi- 

 dent Thomas S. Fiske occupied the chair at 

 the regular sessions and at the joint session 

 with the Physical Society. The following new 

 members were elected: Mr. E. P. E. Duval, 

 Harvard University; Professor G. A. Good- 

 enough, University of Illinois; Mr. H. C. 

 Harvey, State Normal School, Kirksville, Mo. ; 

 Dr. J. G. Hun, Princeton University; Dr. T. 

 P. Running, University of Michigan. Nine 

 applications for membership in the society 

 were received. 



Professor E. H. Moore, who had served as 

 editor-in-chief of the Transactions since its 

 inception in 1900, was reelected to the editorial 

 board for a term of three years. 



The following papers were presented at this 

 meeting : 



William Findlat : ' The Sylow subgroups of 

 the symmetric group.' 



L. P. EiSENHABT : ' Three particular systems of 

 lines on a surface.' 



Joseph Bovtoen : ' The definition of sine and 

 cosine.' 



H. E. Hawkes : ' The quaternion number sys- 

 tems.' 



L. E. Dickson : ' On the subgroups of order a 

 power of J} in the linear homogeneous and frac- 

 tional groups in the ©^[p"].' 



C. M. Mason: 'On the solutions of Am -f- 

 ?iA{a;,y)u^f(x,y) which satisfy prescribed 

 boundary conditions.' 



F. N. Cole : ' The groups of order p^qP .' 

 Edward Kasner : ' Galileo and the concept of 



infinity.' 



E. W. Brown : ' On the smaller perturbations 

 of the lunar elements.' 



E. B. Van Vleck : ' On the convergence of alge- 

 braic continued fractions whose ooeificients have 

 a limiting form.' 



Henry Taber : ' Hypercomplex number systems.' 



Edward Kasner : ' On the geometry of ordinary 

 differential equations.' 



Ida M. Schottenfels : ' On a theory of func- 

 tions related to a hypercomplex number system 

 in two units.' 



G. D. BiRKHOFF : ' A general remainder theorem.' 



The members of the two societies lunched 

 together in the interval between the sessions, 



