568 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XIX. No. 484. 



ance, the greater will be the volume of 

 manufactured products and the larger 

 will be the field for chemistry. May 

 Americans stand foremost among the 

 nations of the world in turning out chem- 

 ical engineers having such great abil- 

 ity that they can easily lead our manu- 

 facturers to an unapproachable pinnacle of 

 greatness and perfection. May the chem- 

 ists of the American Chemical Society ever 

 be leaders in this great work, and may 

 their name and fame remain to the end of 

 time a living monument to industry, prog- 

 ress and prosperity. 



J. B. F. Heereshoff. 



DISCUSSION. 



Mr. T. J. Parker. 



It seems to me the keynote of the dis- 

 cussion was struck by one sentence in the 

 address, which was to the effect that the 

 marvelous development of industrial chem- 

 istry in this country is due to the work of 

 the chemical engineer. I do not see from 

 my standpoint how the dual existence of 

 the engineer and the chemist is necessary 

 for the higher development of the chem- 

 istry and mechanics of the industry com- 

 mitted to the charge of the competent tech- 

 nical chemist. The important question 

 arises, therefore. What shall we do to prop- 

 erly equip the young men who are annually 

 turned out from our technical schools and 

 colleges? 



From the experience of many here pres- 

 ent they could no doubt tell you of men 

 who have been brought up in mechanical 

 pursuits, not as chemists, and whose prac- 

 tical knowledge of chemistry was acquired 

 after they had left college, who have made 

 very successful men, because they had me- 

 chanical ability to apply the investigations 

 and discoveries of the scientific chemist to 

 the requirements of the manufactures or 

 arts under their charge. If the applica- 

 tion of chemistry to manufacturing proc- 



esses is desired, it is certainly necessary for 

 these young men to have a knowledge of 

 mechanics or engineering as well as chem- 

 istry, in order to apply it efficiently in our 

 factories. 



The opening for the industrial chemist in 

 the next five or ten years is simply phe- 

 nomenal, judging from what we have heard 

 here to-night. 



Mr. M. C. Whitaker. 



On the technical staff of a manufacturing 

 establishment you will find a civil engineer 

 who lays out the grounds and devises new 

 construction, and you will find a mechan- 

 ical engineer who plans his boilers and his 

 new engines; both of these men, in the 

 opinion of the superintendent, are very 

 important individuals. The electrical en- 

 gineer sets up his dynamos and places his 

 motors. He devises new and ingenious 

 electrical apparatus, and he, in the mind of 

 the superintendent, is also a very important 

 individual. Now, when the processes con- 

 nected with these manufacturing industries 

 are referred to the chemist for improve- 

 ment, he repairs to his laboratory, and we all 

 know that he goes through some very seri- 

 ous, painstaking work. This work is not ap- 

 preciated by the superintendent because he 

 is not a chemist. What the superintendent 

 asks for is actual merchantable results. 

 The chemist is generally not a man who is 

 capable of transmitting from a laboratory 

 to a factory the ideas which he has devel- 

 oped. He is not educated in the engineer- 

 ing branches which have been so much 

 emphasized here this evening. He should 

 have a knowledge of electrical engineering 

 and bring it to bear in the proper solution 

 of problems coming before him. He should 

 have such a knowledge of mechanical en- 

 gineering as to bring to bear the best me- 

 chanical devices. Furthermore, and in my 

 mind the most important of all, he should 

 have that knowledge of getting along with 



