726 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XIX. No. < 



formed standards in the development of 

 meteoric science; prehistoric meteorites 

 from tumuli or mounds, the oldest meteor- 

 ite of known fall (Ensisheim, 16 Novem- 

 ber, 1492). Iron fallen vs^ith the zielid 

 shower at Mazapil, meteor dust and terres- 

 trial dust, etc., nineteen specimens. 



III. Thirteen specimens illustrating scat- 

 tering of meteorites, among them the stones 

 of Lerici, Italy and Pultusk, Russia, fallen 

 simultaneously (30 January, 1868, 7 hrs.) 

 on the flying-line of the Pultusk-shower. 



IV. One hundred and twenty-five speci- 

 mens ilhastrating melting and fusion, scori- 

 fication, faulting and separating; different 

 kinds of crust, whole orientated individ- 

 uals, metallic and molten veins, harnesses 

 and fissures, products of heating, altera- 

 tion-zones, wallborders bent and unbent, 

 etc. 



V. Seventy-two specimens illustrating 

 weathering and formation of new constitu- 

 ents; different processes of oxidizing, nat- 

 ural dividing and uncovering of more re- 

 sistant minerals, changing in limonite and 

 nickel-minerals, etc. 



VI. One hundred and thirty -six speci- 

 mens illustrating constituents of meteorites, 

 among them phosphor, diamond, graphite, 

 crystals of nickel iron, cohenite, schreiber- 

 site, troilite, daubreetite, ehromite, olivine, 

 anortite, kosmochlore, enstatite, ehondres 

 of various kinds, etc. 



VII. The systematic collection represent- 

 ing 9 classes in 58 groups and 280 localities 

 of meteorites (irons and stones). 



On the Occurrence of Artifacts Beneath a 

 Deposit of Clay: Dr. Charles Conrad 

 Abbott, Trenton, N. J. 



On the Breeding Habits of the Spade 

 Foot Toad {Scaphiopus SolitariMs) : Dr. 

 Charles Conrad Abbott, Trenton, N. J. 



Doliolum and Salpa: Professor William 

 Keith Brooks, Baltimore. 



The Organisation of the Germ Cells and 

 its Bearings on Evolution: Professor Ed- 

 win Grant Conklin, Philadelphia. 

 Specific substances destined to give rise 

 in the course of development to specific 

 parts or organs are present in the unseg- 

 mented eggs of aseidians and snails and 

 presumably also of other animals. These 

 substances become localized at the time of 

 the maturation and fertilization of the egg 

 by an active flowing of the cell substances. 

 Modifications of this localization, produced 

 by modifications in the direction of the 

 protoplasmic flow, do occur and lead to 

 profound modifications of the adult (e. g., 

 dextral and sinistral forms). It only 

 remains to extend by hypothesis similar 

 modifications of egg localization to the eggs 

 of different phyla in order to throw light 

 upon one of the most difficult problems in 

 evolution, viz., the origin of certain phyla, 

 such as the vertebrates. 



Summary of the Recent Movements to 

 Teach Agriculture in the Schools: Pro- 

 fessor L. H. Bailey, Ithaca, N. Y. Read 

 by title. 



The Origin and Nature of Color in Plants: 

 Professor Henry Kraemer, Philadel- 

 phia. 



Colors in plants may be considered to be 

 due to definite constituents which either 

 themselves are colored or produce colors 

 when acted upon by other substances. 

 These substances are found in all parts of 

 the plant, and in all of the cells excepting 

 meristematic or dividing cells. They may 

 be divided into two well-differentiated 

 classes, namely, (1) those which are asso- 

 ciated with the organized bodies in the cell, 

 and (2) those which occur in the cell-sap 

 or liquid of the cell. 



The earliest color to appear in the de- 

 veloping plant is a yellow, and this is due 

 to a principle which the author calls etio- 

 phyl to avoid confusion. This is associated 



