SCIENCE 



A WEEKLY JOURNAL DEVOTED TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE, PUBLISHING THE 



OFFICIAL NOTICES AND PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION 



FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE. 



Friday, July 14, 1905. 



CONTENTS. 



The Fitndamental Problems of Present-day 

 Plant Morphology: Professor K. Goebel. 33 



Scientific Books: — 



Clcments's Research Methods in Ecology: 

 Professor Conway MacMillan. Strutt 

 on the Becquerel Bays: G. B. Obear 45 



Scientific Journals and Articles 48 



Bociefies and Academies: — 



The Missoi(ri Society of Teachers of Mathe- 

 matics: Professor L. D. Ames. The 

 Torrey Botanical Club: Edward W. Berry. 

 The University of Colorado Scientific So- 

 ciety: Professor Francis Ramaley 48 



Special Articles: — 



New Work on Wheat Rust: Professor 

 Henry L. Bolley. Concerning the Identity 

 of the Fungi causing an Anthracnose of 

 the Sweet-pea and the Bitter-rot of the 

 Apple: Professor John L. Sheldon. In- 

 dications of an Entomophiloiis Habit in 

 Tertiary Species of Quercus: Dr. C. J. 

 Maury. Bathygnathus Borealis, Leidy, and 

 the Permian of Prince Edwards Island: 

 Professor E. C. CaSe. A System for 

 Filing Pamphlets: Dr. Witmer Stone.... 50 



ijurrent Notes on Meteorology : — 



Barometer and Weather; Monthly Weather 

 lievieio. Annual Summary; Climate of 

 Jerusalem ; Marine Meteorological Service 

 of Chile : Professor R. DeC. Ward 54 



Notes on Forestry: — 



Why Prairies are Treeless; Principles in- 

 volved in Determining Forest Types 55 



The Fossil Arachnida of Bohemia: H. F. 0. . . 57 



Extended Explorations of the Atmosphere by 

 the Blue Hill Observatory 57 



Regulations governing the Sixth Inter- 

 national Congress of Applied Chemistry.. 58 



Arthur Woodberry Edson 61 



<j-eorge Homans Eldridge 62 



Scientific Notes and News 62 



University and Educational News 64 



MSS. inteudedfor publieatiou aud books, etc., intended 

 for review should be sent to the Editor of Science, Garri- 

 aon-on-Hud.«ion, N. Y. 



THE FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEMS OF PRES- 

 ENT DAY PLANT MORPHOLOGY.' 



A FEW months ago I was in Jena in 

 order to attend the unveiling of the statue 

 there erected to M. Schleiden. Now there 

 is hardly any other place which has been of 

 so much significance in the development of 

 plant morphology as this small university 

 town. It was there that Goethe, the origina- 

 tor of the term 'morphology,' busied him- 

 self with morphological studies, and found- 

 ed the idealistic system which has influenced 

 our thought— often unsuspeetedly— till the 

 present day. There Schleiden, in outspoken 

 opposition to the conceptions of the ideal- 

 istic morphology, gave new life to the the- 

 ory of development founded by Caspar 

 Frederick Wolff in a neighboring hall in the 

 middle of the eighteenth century, and so 

 paved the way for the brilliant discoveries 

 of AA^illiam Hofmeister. And who does not 

 know what meaning Jena has won as the 

 citadel of phylogenetic morphology, first 

 through the work of Haeckel in zoology 

 and later through that of Strasburger in 

 botany? In such a morphological atmos- 

 phere the question forces itself upon us, in 

 what relation do the morphological ques- 

 tions of the present stand to those of the 

 past? Are they still unchanged in spite 

 of the immense increase of empirical ma- 



^ Lecture delivered at the Congress of Arts and 

 Science in St. Louis, September 21, 1904, by Pro- 

 fessor K. Goebel, University of Munich; trans- 

 lated by Professor F. E. Lloyd. The theme was 

 proposed by the Dii'ection of the Congress. Since 

 the time allowed for the lecture was but forty-five 

 minutes, the various questions could be indicated 

 merely. 



