SCIENCE 



A WEEKLY JOURNAL DEVOTED TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE, PUBLISHING THE 



OFFICIAL NOTICES AND PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION 



FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE. 



Friday, August 18, 1905. 



CONTENTS. 



The Relations of Animals to Disease: Peo- 

 E'ESSOR Heney B. Waed 193 



Scientific Books : — 



Webster on the Dynamics of Particles and 

 of Rigid, Elastic and Fluid Bodies: Peo- 



FESSOE EE^fEST W. BEOWN 203 



Discussion and Correspondence: — 



On the Spelling of ' Clon ' ; De. C. R. East- 

 man 206 



Special Articles: — 



The Laws of Evolution: Peofessoe Feank- 

 LIN H. GiDDiNGS. Alternation of Genera- 

 tions in Animals: Professor Chaeles J. 

 CHAMBERLAiJf. Preliminary Note on a 

 Gigantic Mammal from the Loup Fork 

 Beds of Nebraska : 0. A. Peterson 206 



Quotations : — 



The Department of Agriculture 212 



The Proposed Alliance betioecn the Massa- 

 chusetts Institute of Technology and Har- 

 vard University 213 



Mathematics in Japan: Peofessoe G. A. 



MiLLEE 215 



Proposed Magnetic and Allied Observations 

 during the Total Solar Eclipse, August 30, 

 1905: De. L. A. Bauee. 216 



Nomenclature at the Vienna International 

 Botanical Congress: De. N. L. Britton... 217 



Scientific Notes and Neics 220 



Unirersity and Educational Neios 223 



Mss. inieudedfor pablieatiou aud books, etc., intended 

 for review should be sent to tbe Editor of Science, Garri- 

 son-on-Hudson, N. Y. 



THE RELATIONS OF ANIMALS TO DISEASE."- 

 A CONSIDERATION of the precise relation 

 of various factors to the cause and spread 

 of disease is of most recent origin. "While 

 popular superstition, more often false than 

 correct, has recorded even in the most an- 

 cient history of medicine the source of 

 various ailments, it is only within the last 

 century that there has been any critical 

 scientific study of the problem. Less than 

 three score years cover the epoch-making 

 investigations of Koch, Pasteur and their 

 coadjutors which have laid the foundations 

 and built up the already complex super- 

 structure of bacteriology. By the efforts 

 of these men the relations of minute plant 

 germs, unicellular organisms which we call 

 the bacteria, have been elucidated in great 

 detail so as to justify a new theory of the 

 origin of disease and a new and successful 

 line of prophylaxis, or disease prevention. 

 Similar studies have not been made in the 

 zoological field, but recent discoveries seem 

 to indicate the existence of important rela- 

 tions heretofore unsuspected and emphasize 

 the hopeful character of this new field for 

 research. In order to secure a compre- 

 hensive survey and place new items in their 

 approximate position it is fitting to review 

 in toto the relations in which animals stand 

 to disease, restricting the inquiry, however, 

 for evident reasons primarily to such ail- 

 ments as affect mankind. 



The simplest relation is manifested when 



^ President's address before the American Micro- 

 scopical Society at the Cedar Point Meeting, de- 

 livered in the Carnegie Library Auditorium at 

 Sandusky, Ohio, July 6, 1905. 



