SCIENCE 



A WEEKLY JOURNAL DEVOTED TO "THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE, PUBLISHING THE 



OFFICIAL NOTICES AND PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION 



FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE. 



Friday, October 20, 1905. 



CONTENTS. 



The Rumford Fund of the American -Acad- 

 emy of Arts and Sciences 4*-l 



Scientific Books: — 



Stiles on the International Code of Zoolog- 

 ical Nomenclature as applied to Medicine: 

 President David Starr Jordan. Mar- 

 cuse's Handbuch der geographischen Ort- 

 hestinimung filr Geographen und Forsch- 

 ungsreisende: O. H. T 490 



Scientific Journals and Articles 4' 4 



Discussion and Correspondence: — 



Contributions to our Knowledge of the 

 Aeration of Soils: Professor F. H. King. 

 The Question as to ivhether Falcons lohen 

 Soaring Interlock their Primary Wing 

 Feathers : Professor Bashford Dean .... 495 



Special Articles: — 



The Chromosomes in Relation to the Deter- 

 mination of Sex in Insects: Professor Ed- 

 mund B. Wilson. The Geographical Dis- 

 tribution of the Bell-toads: Dr. Leonhard 

 Stejneger. Hydration Caves: Professor 

 Edward H. Kraus. A Preliminary Note 

 on Clover Diseases in Tennessee: Professor 

 Samuel M. Bain and Samuel H. Essaky. 

 A New Armored Dinosaur from the Upper 

 Cretaceous of Wyoming: Professor S. W. 

 Williston 500 



Quotations: — 



Shall the University become a Business 

 Corporation? Agriculture in the Schools. 504 



Botanical Notes :— 



Morphology of the Ear of Indian Corn; 

 A Neiv Botanical Text-Book; Karsten and 

 Schenck's Vegetationsbilder ; Further Plant 

 Cell Studies; A Study of Insect Galls: 

 Professor Charles E. Bessey 506 



Technical Education in Australia 508 



The Inauguration of President Drinker of Le- 

 high University 509 



The Installation of President James - at the 

 University of Illinois 509 



Scientific Notes and News 510 



University and Educational News 512 



MSS. inteuded f or publication aud books, etc., intended 

 for review should be sent to the Editor of Science, Qarri- 

 eon-on-HudBon, N. Y. 



THE RUMFORD FUND OF THE AMERICAN 

 ACADEMY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES."- 



Benjamin Thompson, Count Eumford, 

 was born at Woburn, Mass., March 26, 

 1753, and died at Auteuil, France, August 

 21, 1814. During his boyhood he showed 

 an intense interest in scientific matters and 

 attended scientific lectures at Harvard Col- 

 lege. Afterwards he studied medicine, 

 though he never practised, and taught 

 school at Concord, IST. H. He was sus- 

 pected of being unfriendly to the cause of 

 liberty in the war of the Revolution, and 

 on the evacuation of Boston by the British 

 —in March, 1776— he went to England. 



Here he prosecuted various scientific re- 

 searches, and was elected a fellow of the 

 Royal Society in 1779. He subsequently 

 entered the employ of Prince Maximilian 

 of Bavaria, to whom he was of great 

 service, reorganizing the army, instituting 

 important social reforms, and at the same 

 time prosecuting valuable scientific re- 

 searches. Of these the most noteworthy 

 was his well-known investigation into the 

 cause of the heat produced by friction, by 

 which he conclusively disproved the hy- 

 pothesis of the fiuid nature of heat, and 

 laid an important stone in the foundation 

 of the doctrine of the conservation of en- 

 ergy. He was created a count by Prince 

 Maximilian, and chose the title Count Rum- 

 ford, after the New Hampshire town from 

 which the family of his wife had come. 



In 1799 he returned to England, and 

 soon after projected the Royal Institution 

 of Great Britain. He went to France in 



' ^ Published by the Academy. 



