October 20, 1905.] 



SCIENCE. 



485 



AWARDS OF THE EUMFORD PREMIUM OF THE 

 AMERICAN ACADEMY. 



1839. Robert Hare, of Philadelphia, for his in- 

 vention of the compound or oxyhydrogen blowpipe. 



1862. John Ericsson, of New York, for his im- 

 provements in the management of heat, partic- 

 ularly as shown in his caloric engine of 1855. 



1865. Daniel Treadwell, of Cambridge, for im- 

 provements in the management of heat, embodied 

 in his investigations and inventions relating to 

 the construction of cannon of large calibre, and 

 of great strength and endurance. 



1866. Alvan Clark, of Cambridge, for his im- 

 provements in the manufacture of refracting tele- 

 scopes, as exhibited in his method of local cor- 

 rection. 



1869. George Henry Corliss, of Providence, for 

 his improvement in^the steam-engine. 



1871. Joseph Harrison, Jr., of Philadelphia, 

 for his mode of constructing steam-boilers, by 

 which great safety has been secured. 



1873. Lewis Morris Rutherfurd, of NeAV York, 

 for his improvements in the processes and methods 

 of astronomical photography. 



1875. John William Draper, of New York, for 

 his researches on radiant energy. 



1880. Josiah Willard Gibbs, of New Haven, 

 for his researches in thermodynamics. 



1883. Henry Augustus Rowland, of Baltimore, 

 for his researches in light and heat. 



1886. Samuel Pierpont Langley, of Allegheny, 

 for his researches in radiant energy. 



1888. Albert Abraham Michelson, of Cleveland, 

 for his determination of the velocity of light, for 

 his researches upon the motion of the luminiferous 

 ether, and for his work on the absolute determina- 

 tion of the wave-lengths of light. 



1891. Edward Charles Pickering, of Cam- 

 bridge, for his work on the photometry of the 

 stars and upon stellar spectra. 



1895. Thomas Alva Edison, of Orange, N. J., 

 for his investigations in electric lighting. 



1898. James Edward Keeler, of Allegheny, for 

 his application of the spectroscope to astronomical 

 problems, and especially for his investigations of 

 the proper motions of the nebulse, and the phys- 

 ical constitution of the rings of the planet Saturn, 

 by the use of that instrument. 



1899. Charles Francis Brush, of Cleveland, for 

 the practical development of electric arc-lighting. 



1900. Carl Barus, of Providence, for his vari- 

 ous researches in heat. 



1901. Elihu Thomson, of Lynn, for his inven- 

 tions in electric welding and lighting. 



1902. George Ellery Hale, of Chicago, for his 



investigations in solar and stellar physics and in 

 particular for the invention and perfection of the 

 spectro-heliograph. 



1904. Ernest Fox Nichols, of New York, for 

 his researches on radiation, particularly on the 

 pressure due to radiation, the heat of the stars, 

 and the infra-red spectrum. 



The Rumford Fund of the Royal Society 

 has been devoted solely to the award of the 

 premium according to the original provi- 

 sions of that trust. For purposes of com- 

 parison with the foregoing the following 

 list of grantees of the Royal Society's Rum- 

 ford Premium is given : 



AWARDS OF THE RUMFORD PREMIUM OF THE ROYAL 

 SOCIETY'. 



1802. Benjamin Count Rumford, for his vari- 

 ous discoveries respecting light and heat. 



1804. John Leslie, experiments on heat. 



1806. William Murdock, publication on the em- 

 ployment of gas from coal for the purpose of 

 illumination. 



1810. Etienne Louis Malus, discovery of cer- 

 tain properties of reflected light. 



1814. William Charles Wells, essay on dew. 



1816. Humphry Davy, papers on combustion 

 and flame. 



1818. David Brewster, discoveries relating to 

 the polarization of light. 



1824. Augustin Jean Fresnel, development of 

 the undulatory theory, as applied to the phe- 

 nomena of polarized light: and various important 

 discoveries in physical optics. ' 



1832. John Frederic Daniell, experiments with 

 a new register pyrometer for measuring the ex- 

 pansion of solids. 



1834. Macedonio Melloni, discoveries relative 

 to radiant heat. 



1838. James David Forbes, experiments on the 

 polarization of heat. 



1840. Jean Baptiste Biot, researches in and 

 connected with the circular polarization of light. 



1842. Henry Fox Talbot, discoveries and im- 

 provements in photography. 



1846. Michael Faraday, discovery of the optical 

 phenomena developed by the action of magnets 

 and electric currents in certain transparent media. 



1848. Henri Victor Regnatilt, experiments on 

 expansion and density of air, different gases and 

 mercury. 



1850. Francois Jean Dominique Arago, ex- 

 perimental investigation of polarized light. 



