486 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XXII. No. 5G4. 



1852. George Gabriel Stokes, on the change of 

 refrangibility of light. 



1854. Neil Arnott, a new smoke-consuming and 

 fuel-saving fireplace. 



1856. Lonis Pasteur, discovery of the nature 

 of racemic acid, and its relations to polarized 

 light. 



1858. Jules Celestin Jamin, various experi- 

 mental researches on light. 



1860. James Clerk Maxwell, researches on the 

 composition of colors and other optical papers. 



18G2. Gustav Robert Kirchhoff, researches on 

 the fixed lines of the solar spectrtuu and on the 

 inversion of the bright lines in the spectra of 

 artificial light. 



1804. John Tyndall, researches on the absorp- 

 tion and radiation of heat by gases and vapors. 



1860. Armand Hippolyte Louis Fizeau, optical 

 researches and investigations into the effect of 

 heat on the refractive power of transparent bodies. 



1868. Balfour Stewart, researches on the quali- 

 tative as Avell as qiiantitative relations between 

 the powers of emission and absorption of bodies 

 for heat and light. 



1870. Alfred Olivier Des Cloizeaux, researches 

 in mineralogical optics. 



1872. Anders Jonas Angstrom, researches on 

 spectral analysis. 



1874. Joseph Norman Lockyer, spectroscopic 

 researches on the sun and on the chemical ele- 

 ments. 



1876. Pierre Jules Cesar Janssen, researches 

 on the radiation and absorption of light, carried 

 on chiefly by means of the spectroscope. 



1878. Alfred Cornu, optical researches, and es- 

 pecially his recent redetermination of the velocity 

 of propagation of light. 



1880. William Huggins, astronomical re- 

 searches. 



1882. William de Wiveleslie Abney, contribu- 

 tions to the advancement of the theory and prac- 

 tise of photography. 



1884. Tobias Robert Tlialen, spectroscopic re- 

 searches. 



1886. Samuel Pierpont Langley, researches on 

 the spectrum by means of the bolometer. 



1888. Pietro Tacchini, important and long-con- 

 tinued investigations which have largely advanced 

 our knowledge of the physics of the sun. 



1890. Heinrich Hertz, work on electro-magnetic 

 radiation. 



1892. Nils Christofer Duner, astronomical ob- 

 servations. 



1894. James Dewar, researches at very high 



and very low temperatures, and on spectroscopic 

 phenomena. 



1896. Philipp Lenard and Wilhelm Konrad 

 Rontgen, researches on phenomena which occur 

 outside a highly exhausted tube through which an 

 electrical discharge is passing. 



1898. Oliver .Joseph Lodge, researches on 

 radiation and on the relations between matter and 

 ether. 



1900. Antoine Henri Becquerel, discoveries in 

 radiation proceeding from uranium. 



1902. Charles Algernon Parsons, application 

 of the steam turbine to industrial purposes and 

 its recent extension to navigation. 



1904. Ernest Rutherford, researches on radio- 

 activity, and particularly his discovery of the ex- 

 istence and properties of the gaseous emanations 

 from radio-active bodies. 



The following is a list of grants made 

 from the income of the Rumford Fund of 

 the American Academy in furtherance of 

 research. In a few cases the appropria- 

 tion has not been called for because the 

 research in question has not proved feas- 

 ible, because funds have been provided 

 from elsewhere, or for other reasons. 

 When this is believed to be the case it is 

 so stated. 



GRANTS FROM THE RUMFORD FUND. 



1832-1862. Observatory at Cambridge, for 



telescope and other apparatus |3,776 



Enoth Hale. For rain gauges and sun- 

 dry exijenses for experiments and in- 

 vestigations relating to the fall of rain 1,697 



1862. Philander Shaw. Experiments re- 

 lating to air engines 600 



1863. Ogden N. Rood. Physical relations 

 of iodized plate to light. (Appropria- 

 tion subsequently transferred to an- 

 other research, viz., photometry. ) . . . . 300 



1864. Wolcott Gibbs. For purchase of a 

 Meyerstein spectrometer and Reg- 

 nault's apparatus for measuring vapor- 

 tension 600 



Josiah P. Cooke, Jr. For purchase of 

 glass prisms to be used in an investiga- 

 tion of metallic spectra. (These 

 prisms were purchased from the acad- 

 emy by Pi'ofessor Cooke in 1871.) ... • 200 

 1866. Ogden N. Rood. Photometry. (Ap- 

 propriation of 1863 for relations of 



