270 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XXIII. No. 581. 



machines. There are several hundred thou- 

 sand blind persons in the civilized world, and 

 benevolence has long vied with charity in 

 lightening the burden of their aiBictions, and 

 mitigating the tragedy of their lives. One 

 can not imagine a more speedy and efFective 

 means than this of stimulating their esprit 

 de corps, arousing mental, educational and 

 social progress, and of placing at their com- 

 mand the learning and science of the world. 

 We are too slowly learning that there is no 

 occupation, whether farming, mechanics, man- 

 ufacturing, merchandising, or professional 

 life, that may not be worthily, and that has 

 not been successfully, carried on by those 

 without sight. To place within the reach of 

 these this most helpful and noble device would 

 put them at a bound so in touch with one an- 

 other, and with profitable employment, that 

 other charities in their behalf would lessen in 

 demand and in significance. 



George M. Gould. 

 Philadelphia, Pa. 



color-associations with nujierals, etc. 



(fourth NOTE.) 1882-1906. 



I HAVE given in various places' some account 

 of the associations of colors with numerals 

 and letters at epochs in the years 1882, 1883, 

 1885, 1887, 1889, 1891 and 1895, in the ease 

 of my daughter Mildred. The note in Nature 

 for July 9, 1891, is the most complete and 

 gives a table which can be consulted by any 

 one interested in this matter. I have recently 

 (January 16, 1906) asked her to give me a 

 list of the colors that she associates with 

 (1) the days of the week; (2) the letters of 

 the alphabet; (3) the numerals 1 • • ■ 10. Her 

 answers are exactly the same as those given in 

 Nature for June, 1891, except for the follow- 

 ing very slight differences: 



Friday, white with tiny dots; •£', pink; E, 

 grayish- brown ? ; P, green, not very clear ; Q, 

 purplish blue, not very' clear ; 8, cream, nearly 

 yellow; V, white; Y, yellowish cream; 8, 

 white; 9, blue; 10, black and cream (and both 

 colors are seen) ; 0, cream. 



'SciEKCE, Vol. VI., O. S., 1885, p.. 242; ibid.. 

 Vol. I., N. S., 1895, p. 576; Nature, Vol. 44, 1891, 

 pp. 223-4. 



The series of notes seems to be of value, as 

 it records the results of experiments extending 

 over a period of twenty-four years, made 

 under exceptionally good conditions. To 

 make the record complete it should be added 

 that my daughter married some two years ago 

 and is herself the mother of a daughter. It 

 will be interesting to inquire if this child in- 

 herits color associations of the sort from one 

 or both parents. I, myself, see no colors as- 

 sociated with numbers or letters. 



Edward S. Holden. 



U. S. MiLiTAET Academy, 

 West Point, 



January 18, 1906. 



THE yellow-fever MOSQUITO. 



To the Editor of Science: The communi- 

 cation of Professor Vernon L. Kellogg, printed 

 in the number of Science of January 19, im- 

 plies that yellow fever and the mosquito 

 Stegomyia fasciata do not occur on the Pacific 

 coast of America. Guayaquil, Ecuador, is a 

 notorious hotbed of the disease and there have 

 been numerous outbreaks at points along the 

 Mexican and Central American coast — not to 

 mention Panama. Oaldera, the former Pacific 

 coast port of Costa Rica, was abandoned on 

 account of an epidemic, undoubtedly of yellow 

 fever, which swept off a great part of the in- 

 habitants. Upon a recent trip through Mex- 

 ico and Central America, in the interest of 

 Dr. L. 0. Howard's forthcoming work on the 

 Culicidse, the writer found Stegomyia fasciata , 

 abundant in the following Pacific coast ports: 

 Acapulco and Salina Cruz in Mexico, Cham- 

 perico and San Jose in Guatemala, Corinto in 

 Nicaragua and Puntarenas in Costa Eica. 

 The only port visited which appeared to be 

 free from this mosquito is Acajutla in Sal- 

 vador, although the species was found at Son- 

 sonate, about twenty-five miles inland. Per- 

 haps on account of its very small size and the 

 scattered disposal of the houses, Acajutla does 

 not offer favorable conditions for this emi- 

 nently domestic mosquito. 



It would seem that at present the greatest 

 danger of the introduction of yellow fever into 

 Hawaii lies in the transportation route across 

 the Isthmus of Teliuantepec, which will soon 



