394 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XXIII. No. 584. 



primarily to the secondary infection of the 

 skin. This shows that in such experiments 

 asepsis must be rigidly observed, not only 

 during the operation but during all the post- 

 operative period. 



Conclusions. — (1) The circulation of a re- 

 planted limb, reestablished an hour and a 

 quarter after interruption, by end-to-end 

 anastomosis of the femoral artery and vein, is 

 normal, as judged by the metabolism of the 

 limb. (2) No trophic trouble occurs (at least 

 during ten days). (3) Healing of the severed 

 tissues appears to be as rapid and complete as 

 after an ordinary surgical wound. 



Alexis Cakeel, 

 c. c. gutheie. 



successful transplantation of both kidneys 



from a dog into a bitch with removal of 

 both normal kidneys from the latter. 



This operation was performed by our new 

 method of transplantation in mass, which 

 yields good results in the transplantation of 

 organs. By this method the organs are per- 

 mitted to retain their normal connections with 

 a portion of tkeir nervous apparatus, in such 

 a manner that after transplantation their 

 functions are soon reestablished. 



A large-sized terrier was anesthetized and 

 both kidneys and the upper part of the ureters 

 were removed, together with their vessels, 

 nerves, nervous ganglia, the surrounding con- 

 nective tissue, the suprarenal glands, the peri- 

 toneum and the corresponding segments of 

 the aorta and vena cava. The mass was then 

 placed in a vessel of isotonic sodium chloride 

 solution, and the dog killed. 



A small young bitch was then anesthetized 

 and the abdomen opened through a half cir- 

 cular transversal laparotomy. The aorta and 

 vena cava were cut a little above the mouth of 

 the ovarian vessels. The kidneys of the dog 

 were then removed from the salt solution and 

 put into the abdominal cavity of the bitch, 

 and the segments of the aorta and vena cava 

 were interposed, by biterminal transplantation, 

 between the cut ends of the aorta and vena 

 cava of the bitch. The circulation was re- 

 established, after having been interrupted for 

 one hour and a half. The kidneys imme- 



diately became red and turgid, as after a 

 simple transplantation, but about half an hour 

 later the state of the circulation became nor- 

 mal, so that no difference could be detected 

 between the transplanted and the normal kid- 

 neys. Clear urine flowed abundantly from 

 the transplanted ureters, which were united 

 to the normal ones. 



Both normal kidneys were dissected and 

 extirpated. The appearance of the trans- 

 planted and normal organs is so similar 

 that in extirpating the latter, it is necessary 

 to examine the pedicle in order to be certain 

 of their identity. The operation was com- 

 pleted by suturing the abdominal wall and 

 applying the dressing. Two hours after the 

 operation the animal walked about her cage. 

 In the afternoon she drank and urinated 

 copiously. The following day and subse- 

 quently, up to the present time, her diet has 

 largely consisted of meat. She drinks, eats, 

 walks and, when permitted to, mingles with 

 other dogs, but in the latter case she is care- 

 fully watched, as she shows a strong disposi- 

 tion to fight. As far as can be detected, her 

 condition is normal. The urine has been 

 clear throughout, showing no evidence of con- 

 taining blood. The total amount appears to 

 be somewhat increased. On the seventh and 

 eighth days several samples were collected and 

 analyzed, the results of which showed a slight 

 variation in composition, but entirely within 

 normal limits. The only abnormal constitu- 

 ent detected was coagulated proteid, the largest 

 amount present in any of the samples being 

 less than 0.25 per cent. A brief result of the 

 analyses is given below: 



Urine collected on the eighth day after the 

 operation. 



Color— pale yellow. 



Odor — normal. 



Reaction — slightly alkaline. 



Urea — 1.95 per cent. 



Uric acid — trace. 



Chlorides, sulphates and earthy and alkaline 

 phosphates, normal. 



Kreatinin, doubtful; indoxyl, none. 



Coagulable proteid, less than 0.25 per cent. 



Sugar and petone, none. 



It was inconvenient to collect the total urine 



