132 



SCIENCE 



[N. S. Vol. XXV. No. 630 



ogy held at Monaco, April 15 to 22, 1906, 

 the chief subject of the second session was 

 the pedigree of the eolith. According to 

 Nature/'^ "a series of mill-modeled flint 

 nodules was exhibited, among which there 

 were certainly a number closely resembling 

 many Prestwichian types, but conspicuous 

 by their absence were the decidedly pur- 

 poseful and rationally usable Kentian 

 forms." On the other hand, Professor E. 

 Ray Lankester "submitted that he had re- 

 cently placed on exhibition in the British 

 Museum a considerable series^^ of speci- 

 mens selected from Prestwich's collection, 

 all borer-like in form, too identical in shape 

 and so rationally of obvious utility for any 

 possibility of their being the result of for- 

 tuitous natural collisions." 



As a further indication of the importance 

 attaching to a correct solution of the prob- 

 lem and indirectly in recognition of the 

 value of Rutot's contribution toward such 

 a solution, the meeting of the German An- 

 thropological Association for 1907 will be 

 held in Cologne^* in order that the members 

 may visit the eolithic stations of Belgium 

 and see the collections of the Brussels 

 Museum. 



THE ART OP THE CAVE-DWELLER 



Passing now from Tertiary and Lower 

 Quaternary eoliths and leaving out of ac- 

 count for the time being the important 

 industry of the Chellean and Mousterian 

 epochs, we come upon a most interesting 

 chapter in the history of paleolithic man — 

 a chapter to which many attractive pages 

 have been added during the past ten years. 

 It concerns the art of the cave-dweller. 



One of the earliest enlightened searchers 

 for prehistoric man in caverns was the 



"June 28, 1906, p. 211. 



" Amer. Anthropol. (N. S.), 1905, VII., 432, 

 433. 



" It is proposed to make the Cologne Congress 

 international. American anthropologists have 

 been invited to take part. 



Rev. J. MacEnery, a Roman Catholic 

 priest, stationed at Torquay on the southern 

 coast of England. As early as 1825 he 

 found, in Kent's Cavern, flint implements 

 definitely associated with the remains of 

 the mammoth, rhinoceros and other extinct 

 animals. 



Then came, in 1833, the discoveries of 

 Sehmerling in the caverns about Liege, 

 Belgium ; but these also did not receive the 

 attention they deserved, owing to the then 

 all-powerful influence of Cuvier. 



Following the appearance of Darwin's 

 'Origin of Species' and the acceptance of 

 the rivei'-drift implements as artifacts, 

 both of which events occurred in 1859, 

 cavern explorations received a new impetus. 

 In Europe alone hundreds of paleolithic 

 caverns have already been explored. About 

 one third of these are situated in France. 

 Some of the well-known localities outside 

 of Prance are the regions about Namur 

 and Liege, Belgium; Liguria in Italy; 

 Moravia in Austria; and Schaafhausen in 

 Switzerland. 



To the student of the cave-dweller 

 period, southern France is perhaps the 

 most fruitful field in all Europe. Of this 

 area Les Eyzies and its environs in the 

 valley of the Vezere, department of Dor- 

 dogne, is one of the chief centers. It was 

 in 1862 that M. J. Charnet found in a 

 shallow cave at Les Eyzies the first flint 

 implements and breccia, with bones of the 

 reindeer and other animals. lie communi- 

 cated the facts to Professor Eduard Lartet, 

 of Paris, and Mr. Henry Christy, of Lon- 

 don, who visited the place in August, 1863, 

 making explorations simultaneously at Les 

 Eyzies, Gorge d'Enfer and Laugerie-Haute. 



This led, in 1865, to the plans for a great 

 publication to be called 'Reliquiae Aqui- 

 tanicffi. ' In importance, as well as in au- 

 thorship, this is an international volume. 

 The specimens described belong to the 

 Christy cellection of the British Museum 



