SCIENCE 



A WEEKLV JOURNAL DEVOTED TO THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE, PUBLISHING THE 



OFFICIAL NOTICES AND PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION 



FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE 



Friday, Febbuaet 15, 1907 



COlSfTENTS 

 Relations of Salary to Title in American Uni- 

 versities: Professor John ]\Iaxson Still- 

 man 241 



The American Association for the Advance- 

 ment of Science:- — 

 Section — Botany: Dr. Tracy E. Hazen. . 259 



Scientific Books: — 



Marchal's Recherches exp4rimentales sur la 

 sexuality des spores ohez les mousses 

 dio'iques: Dk. A. F. Blakeslee: Peglion's 

 Le mallatie crittogamiche delle Piant colti- 

 vate : Haven Metcalf 272 



Scientific Journals and Articles 274 



Societies and Academies: — 



The St. Louis Chemical Society: Dr. C. J. 



Borgmeyer 274 



Discussion and Correspondence: — 



Genetic Logic: Professor J. Mark Bald- 

 win 274 



Special Articles: — 



Symmetry in the Big Claws of the Lobster: 

 Professor Francis H. Herrick 275 



Current Notes on Meteorology: — 



The Weather of Saxony; Railroad Building 

 in Arid Regions; Meteorology in, Egypt; 

 Rainfall and Altitude; The ' Scotia ' Re- 

 sults: Professor R. DeC. Ward 277 



Mr. Rockefeller's Gift to the General Educa- 

 tion Board 278 



Scientific Notes and News 279 



University and Educational News 280 



MSS. intended for publication and books, etc., intended foi 

 review should be seut to the Editor of Science, Garrison-on- 

 Hudson, K. Y. 



RELATIONS OF SALARY TO TITLE IN 



AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES'^ 



In this paper is considered the problem 

 of the relation existing between salary and 

 title, under the conditions ruling in Amer- 

 ican colleges and universities. "What ad- 

 justment of these relations is most favor- 

 able to the effectiveness of the institution 

 concerned? In general, three types of ad- 

 justment are possible. In the one case, a 

 fixed salary may be attached to the profess- 

 orship and to each of the lower grades of 

 rank. Next, each grade may have a fixed 

 minimum salary, with a system of auto- 

 matic increase with length of service, and 

 for no other cause. The third relation is 

 the one generally prevalent; the salaries 

 in any grade are not definitely fixed, and 

 increase of salary may be made at any 

 time and for many reasons other than those 

 connected with length of tenure. 



The first of these systems aims, so far as 

 professors are concerned, to establish a 

 republic of letters. It would develop a 

 condition in which a man once chosen for 

 a chair is responsible to no one but him- 

 self, and in which he neither expects pro- 

 motion nor fears its failure, because his 

 character and work are judged by no presi- 

 dent, no committee and no executive board. 

 The men in minor positions are professors 

 in waiting, to receive recognition in case 

 of vacancy or of departmental expansion. 



' A paper read at the Cambridge meeting of the 

 Association of American Universities, November 

 23, 1906. The paper was prepared by John Max- 

 son Stillman, professor of chemistry in Stanford 

 University. 



