Febeuakt 15, 1907] 



SCIENCE 



249 



equality of salaries tends to contentment, to fra- 

 ternity of feeling, to loyalty, and to the mini- 

 mizing of the force of the mercantile spirit in a 

 faculty. * * * 



My argument is intended to apply chiefly to 

 full professors, the ' peers of the realm.' There 

 is no objection to a money stimulus to the men 

 who are still on probation, with their spurs to 

 win. 



11. 



1. It is necessary, in my opinion, to separate 

 the college of arts and sciences from the tech- 

 nical colleges in the discussion. 



2. If there were sufficient men who were called 

 to teach in the sense that the old apostles were 

 called for their work, then I believe that there 

 would be no question of diversity of salary. All 

 that would be needed would be barely enough to 

 keep soul and body together. 



3. While there are plenty who would like the 

 call of a university there are not enough with 

 ' the call ' to fill college positions. This puts 

 the colleges in the field of competition with the 

 practical world for the all-round, capable and 

 forceful men who are not satisfied, on the one 

 hand, with the dead level of communism or, on the 

 other, with things as they are and have been. 

 Progress and experiment to attain that progress 

 is their motto. Now to get these men to put 

 their courage and force to the service of a col- 

 lege, the college must offer them something like 

 the chance they would have in the great world, 

 that is, a chance to receive the reward to which 

 their force and courage entitle them. 



4. To obtain the men with the force and 

 courage which shall make the university a real 

 and living part of the civilization of the time, the 

 rmiversity must — in a measure at least — appre- 

 ciate the reward which is offered by the world 

 for the kind of service it desires. There is no 

 doubt that money at the present time is taken as 

 the measuring stick of men. Money certainly 

 makes it possible for men to attain much which 

 is most desired by them and their families. 



After men have once caught the divine fire 

 which comes to the college teacher, money ques- 

 tions would not so much affect tliem; what I am 

 contending for is that the university get the 

 forceful characters into its faculty" by offering 

 rewards which will attract them. It can not 

 afford to be manned by those who can not get a 

 living so easily any other way. 



5. Technical Schools. — The same general state- 

 ments may be made as with reference to the 

 college of arts, but here the university comes into 



more direct competition with the practical world. 

 If the technical school is to be an integral part in 

 directing the progress of the civilization of our 

 time the men who form its faculties must be 

 among the chosen — men with strong character, 

 clear heads and the courage and foresight to 

 make the necessary advances. Then the schools 

 could hope to be leaders instead of mere trailers. 

 Now to get a sprinkling at least of the real 

 leaders there must be provision in both salary 

 and rank. And the salary in the technical school 

 must average considerably higher than in the col- 

 lege of arts. 



6. Just the method to pursue to attract into 

 the teaching profession the all-round, forceful men 

 so much needed in colleges may perhaps be 

 answered by creating special positions with cor- 

 responding salary — such as head professor, dean, 

 director, etc. This might leave the rank and file 

 in a group with uniform salary and therefore 

 without one element of discord. 



7. In closing then I would say that in the 

 modern university there must be diversity of 

 salary and rank in each college and a distinction 

 between the college of arts and the technical 

 schools. - ' 



While it may not be germane, I would like to 

 put in a plea for appreciation of the teacher who 

 is really called. He, after all, is as much needed 

 as the one who can do magnificently anything 

 he puts his brain and hand to. Money is usually 

 much less prized by him than opportunity for 

 study, for investigation in his chosen field. 



12. 



Apparently it is not practicable to pay the same 

 salary to all men holding the same rank in a ■ 

 faculty, and yet a wide departure from this 

 policy seems to work great injustice in many 

 cases. I once believed that a university president 

 should be free to pay whatever salaries he found 

 necessary to secure the men he wanted, and that 

 salaries within the faculty should be based en- 

 tirely upon efficiency. I have now come to regard 

 the other extreme, with an absolutely fixed scale, 

 as preferable to this method. 



No man is omniscient, nor can any man know 

 with a higher degree of approximation the rela- 

 tive efiiciencies of the men in a moderately large 

 faculty. Even the men in the same department 

 or in closely related departments differ widely 

 in their estimates of any particular man. One 

 lays the stress on one qualification and one on 

 another. Hence, while no individual is compe- 

 tent to pass upon the salary scale of a whole 



