April 19, 1907] 



SCIENCE 



639 



enga prize, being the income for one year 

 ($180) of the bequest of the late Senor Alvar- 

 enga, will be made on July 4, provided that an 

 essay deemed worthy of the prize shall have 

 been offered. 



The National Museum of Wales has ob- 

 tained a charter of incorporation. 



Plans and particulars of land for the erec- 

 tion of the new Solar Physics Observatory at 

 Hindhead have been placed before the British 

 Minister of Education. 



The Lake Laboratory of Ohio State Uni- 

 versity announces for the season of 1907 

 courses in general zoology, embryology, ento- 

 mology, ichthyology, ornithology, invertebrate 

 morphology, experimental zoology, vertebrate 

 comparative anatomy, aquatic biology, re- 

 search work, general botany, ecology and spe- 

 cial work in botany. The staff for the season 

 includes, besides the director. Professors L. B. 

 Walton, Ph.D., Kenyon College; Malcolm 

 Stickney, A.M., Denison University; Lynds 

 Jones, Ph.D., Oberlin College; Charles Brook- 

 over, M.S., Buchtel College, and W. B. Herms, 

 A.M., Ohio Wesieyan University. The labo- 

 ratory offers free tables for independent in- 

 vestigators and will welcome any who have 

 problems in biology which can be studied to 

 advantage at the laboratory. The laboratory 

 will be open for instruction courses from June 

 24 to August 2 and for investigators from 

 June 24 to about September 15. Applications 

 may be sent to the director. Professor Herbert 

 Osborn, Ohio State University, Columbus, O. 



The University of Wisconsin Agricultural 

 Experiment Station is conducting a campaign 

 against the spread of bovine tuberculosis 

 among the 100,000 dairy herds of the state. 

 A biU has just been introduced into the legis- 

 lature providing for the testing of all cattle 

 before they are sold. The existing laws, pro- 

 viding for the inspection of cattle before they 

 are brought into the state, protect dairymen 

 from infection from outside the state, and the 

 faculty of the college of agriculture is work- 

 ing toward similar protection within the state 

 to prevent the spread of tuberculosis from in- 

 fected herds to others. Dr. H. L. Eussell, of 



the department of bacteriology of the univer- 

 sity, who is also a member of the Live Stock 

 Sanitary Board of Wisconsin, has given in- 

 structions in the use of the tuberculin test to 

 1,200 young farmers from all over the state, 

 former students in the coUege of agriculture 

 who now compose the membership of the Uni- 

 versity Agricultural Experiment Association. 



Nature gives the following scientific sub- 

 jects for which prizes are offered by the Eeale 

 Institute Lombardo for the Cagnola prize, 

 April, 1907, on the discovery of radioactivity 

 and its influence on modern physical and 

 chemical theories; for 1908, on the present 

 state of metallography in relation to the phys- 

 ical properties of metals, particularly iron and 

 steel, a general summary including some orig- 

 inal results for the Eossati prize for 1907, on 

 the so-caUed nuclei of origin and termination 

 of the cranial nerves; for the Kj-amer prize 

 for 1907, a discussion with certain practical 

 applications of Gugliehnini's hydraulic the- 

 ories; for the Secco Comneno prize for 1907, 

 a discovery relating to the virus of rabies ; for 

 1911, on the physiological action of high-fre- 

 quency currents. As in previous years, other 

 prizes are offered for literary and commercial 

 subjects and for subjects which are the same 

 every year. Eor the present year the prize 

 awards of the Eeale Institute Lombardo in- 

 clude a Cagnola prize of £100 and medal of 

 value £20 to Dr. Augusto Moschini, of Pavia, 

 for his essay on the pathology of the supra- 

 renal capsules; a prize of £80 to Dr. Guido 

 Sala, of Pavia, and awards of £20 to Pro- 

 fessor Domenico Lo Monaco and G. Pito, of 

 Eome, for essays on the anatomy of the visual 

 centers of higher vertebrates under the Eossati 

 foundation ; and Kramer prizes of £80 each to 

 Ernesto Canalli, of Naples, and Mario Baroni, 

 of Milan, for essays on the resistance of 

 structures in cement. 



The U. S. Geological Survey has completed 

 a line of spirit levels through Death Valley, 

 California, and has ascertained that the depth 

 of that area is not so great as was supposed. 

 The final computations of the results have not 

 yet been made, but the preliminary figures give 

 for the lowest point a depth of 276 feet below 



