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SCIENCE 



[N. S. Vol. XXV. No. 646 



The following is the list of nominations 

 for officers for 1908: 



President — Samuel Calvin, Iowa City, Iowa. 



First Vice-president — George F. Becker, Wash- 

 ington, D. C. 



Second Vice-president — A. C. Lawson, Berkeley, 

 California. 



Secretary — Edmund Otis Hovey, New York City. 



Treasurer — William Bullock Clark, Baltimore, 

 Md. 



Editor — Joseph Stanley-Brown, Cold Spring 

 Harbor, N. Y. 



Librarian — H. P. Cushing, Cleveland, Ohio. 



Councilors (until 1911) — H. P. Cushing, Cleve- 

 land, Ohio, and H. B. Patton, Golden, Colorado. 



The following resolutions were adopted 

 in the general session of December 28 at 

 the American Museum of Natural History : 



After sixteen years of service as secretary of the 

 Geological Society of America, Professor H. L. 

 Fairchild meets with us at this session for the last 

 time in his official capacity. 



These years of his service have witnessed the 

 robust and vigorous growth of this society. To 

 his fidelity, enthusiasm, patience, conservatism 

 and lofty ideals we must ascribe in very large part 

 the virile and promising condition of this society 

 to-day. 



The fellows of the Geological Society of America 

 desire to enter on its permanent records this ex- 

 pression of appreciation of such devoted service 

 and this acknowledgment of, and gratitude for, 

 so willing a sacrifice on behalf of the progress of 

 geological science in America. 



Since 1891 Dr. I. C. White, now retiring from 

 office, has served as treasurer of this society. For 

 these sixteen years he has given to the management 

 of its finances the benefit of his clear, practical 

 judgment and his experience, and he has so care- 

 fully nursed its slender incomes that to-day the 

 treasury of the society presents a most substantial 

 and very gratifying showing. 



The fellows of the society desire to record an 

 expression of their appreciation of this watchful, 

 faithful and profitable service. 



The program as read was as follows: 



Memorial of W. B. Bwight, by F. J. H. Merrill. 

 Memorial of S. L. Penfield, by J. P. Iddings. 

 Memorial of I. C. Russell, by Bailey Willis. 

 Memorial of N. S. Shaler, by J. E. Wolff. 



Cutting of the Mississippi and Missouri 

 Eiver Gorges: N. M. Fenneman. Read 

 by title. 



Lateral Erosion on some Michigan Rivers: 

 Mark S. W. Jefferson. Read by title. 



Graded Surfaces: F. P. Gulliver. 



The author discussed the processes of 

 aggradation and degradation, and the forms 

 of surfaces produced. Various terms for 

 different forms were considered. Examples 

 of graded surfaces were given from Penn- 

 sylvania, New York and New England 

 which show the necessity for greater pre- 

 cision in the use of certain terms, such as 

 terrace, grade-level, base-level, etc. 



The New Madrid Earthquake: M. L. Ful- 

 ler and E. M. Shepard. Read by title. 



Physiography of the Lower Hudson Val- 

 ley: J. F. Kemp. 



Series of borings across the bottom of 

 the Hudson River in and above the High- 

 lands have recently shown that the bed- 

 rock is unexpectedly deep. Other borings 

 across its tributaries lead to the same con- 

 clusion. From these and observations in 

 the field the writer showed a quite pro- 

 found canyon for the Hudson, which coin- 

 cides fairly well with the one already 

 known to exist, opposite its mouth and in 

 the continental shelf. The records are used 

 through the courtesy of J. Waldo Smith, 

 C.E., chief engineer of the Board of Water 

 Supply of New York City. 



Professor Kemp's paper was discussed 

 by Professors Willis and Davis. 



Relations of Physiography to Structure at 

 Manhattan Island and Vicinity: Alexis 

 A. Julien. 



The paper discussed: (1) Palisades of 

 the Hudson; latent minute foliation or 

 flow structure; development of horizontal 

 seams; facility of ice plucking; zone of 

 decay; undercutting of columns; measure 



