Febbuaey 7, 1908] 



SCIENCE 



215 



CcBoma-like rusts, and so to be regarded 

 as the last of the evolutionary series of 

 this group of fungi. While there may be 

 some slight resemblances of the fficidium 

 cup in its development to certain Asco- 

 mycetes, the regular occurrence of conju- 

 gate nuclei in the rust form, as well as the 

 additional wide differences in the spore 

 mother cells of the two groups of organ- 

 isms, precludes, in my opinion, the idea of 

 any close relationship between the two, as 

 has been assumed by Blackman. 



Are Canned Goods Sterile? T. J. Burrill. 



The canning process depends for its effi- 

 ciency and safety upon the exclusion of 

 living bactei'ia; sometimes by defects in 

 the cans or in the process failure occurs. 

 Do cans apparently sound ever contain 

 living bacteria ? Several investigators have 

 reported affirmatively, but mistakas are 

 hard to avoid and the reported results can 

 not be considered conclusive. 



For this investigation a new method was 

 adopted, believed to be more likely to reach 

 the truth, but in this there are shown to 

 be some growths — eleven out of two thou- 

 sand six hundred and one cultures or 0.42 

 per cent. There is every reason to believe 

 these are contaminations in spite of the 

 care taken to prevent them. In one case 

 there were two positive cultures, from one 

 can ; otherwise only one tube out of seven- 

 teen from a can showed growth. 



Conclusion : cans which ' ' keep ' ' are 

 sterile. Henry C. Cowles, 



Secretary pro tern. 



University of Chicago 



THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF 

 AMERICA 



The third meeting of the Entomological 

 Society of America was held at the Uni- 

 versity of Chicago, December 30 and 31, 

 1907, in affiliation with the American Asso- 

 ciation for the Advancement of Science, 

 and other societies. About one hundred 



were in attendance, coming from as widely 

 remote localities as Maine and California, 

 Ottawa and Louisiana. 



On Monday sessions were held for the 

 reading of papers. On Monday evening 

 the annual address was given before the 

 society by Professor Herbert Osborn, of 

 the Ohio State University, his subject being 

 "The Habits of Insects as a Factor in 

 Classification." The address was followed 

 by a most enjoyable smoker, at which the 

 members of the society and their friends 

 were the guests of the Entomological Sec- 

 tion of the Chicago Academy of Sciences. 



At the annual business meeting on Tues- 

 day, December 31, the following officers 

 were elected: 



President — Dr. William Morton Wheeler. 



First Vice-president — Dr. John B. Smith. 



Second Vice-president — Eev. Professor C. J. S. 

 Bethune. 



Secretary-Treasurer — J. Chester Bradley. 



Additional Members of the Executive Committee 

 • — Dr. James G. Needham, Professor V. S. Kel- 

 logg, Professor Herbert Osborn, Professor J. H. 

 Comstock, Dr. P. P. Calvert, Mr. F. M. Webster. 



Standing Committee on 'Nomenclature — (to 

 serve three years) Dr. H. T. Fernald, (to serve 

 two years) Professor T. D. A. Cockerell, (to serve 

 one year) Dr. E. P. Felt. 



Committee on Nomenclature. — Dr. Fer- 

 nald moved, seconded by Dr. Smith: 



1. That the Entomological Society of America 

 hereby endorses the Code of Nomenclature adopted 

 by the International Zoological Congress as the 

 code which should be used by the members of the 

 society so far as it can be applied. 



2. That cases not covered by this code which 

 may be presented to the society for consideration, 

 be referred to a standing Committee on Nomen- 

 clature, to consist of three members, one member 

 of which shall be elected each year for a term of 

 three years, and the opinion of this committee on 

 cases referred to them, shall be reported to the 

 society at the first annual meeting subsequent to 

 their reference to the committee. 



Mr. Bradley moved to amend by striking 

 out the second clause, because entomology 

 should not be treated as distinct from zool- 



