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SCIENCE 



[N. S. Vol. XXVII. No. 692 



has been the necessary result of limitation 

 of funds, the long delay of litigation and 

 the final settlement of the estate, and the 

 recent unwelcome disturbance of the earth- 

 quake. 



The elimination of these factors makes 

 it necessary to look forward to the future. 

 Is Stanford University to be a college or a 

 university, or a compound of both? In 

 my judgment the last can not be a per- 

 manent condition in any of our large 

 institutions. Collegiate instruction is 

 relatively cheap. It is given well in up- 

 wards of two hundred institutions in 

 America, and more or less badly in as many 

 more. 



University work on a large scale is ex- 

 pensive. If properly undertaken, it is the 

 choice privilege of the few institutions that 

 are generously endowed, or that are the 

 educational pride of wealthy states. 



Among these Stanford University must 

 stand. Its great endowment was given for 

 that purpose, and its freedom from out- 

 side control enables it to undertake lines of 

 work, and long-continued series of investi- 

 gation, efforts of the highest intellectual 

 type, which would not find support in 

 public institutions with their natural 

 tendency towards the demanding of imme- 

 diate results. 



In 1892 Governor Stanford said re- 

 peatedly that he wanted this institution to 

 combine the technical work of Cornell Uni- 

 versity with the highest post-graduate work 

 or wOrk of investigation, at that time 

 represented by Johns Hopkins University; 

 that he wished it to be a university in the 

 highest sense, ' ' beginning, ' ' to use his own 

 words, "where the state university leaves 

 off." I may say in passing that at that 

 time the University of California was 

 chiefly an undergraduate college. In its 

 present expansion, it has largely begun 

 where it then "left off," and we may 

 admit that it has already gone much 



farther in the realization of the ideals of 

 Governor Stanford than Stanford Uni- 

 versity has yet gone. But we have time 

 before us, and most things are possible with 

 time and patience. 



To make a university, in the world-sense, 

 of Stanford University the following ele- 

 ments seem to me essential : 



The elimination, as soon as possible— let 

 us say in the course of five years— of the 

 junior college, by the addition of two years 

 to the entrance requirements. This need 

 not necessarily raise the requirements for 

 the bachelor's degree, which would then be, 

 as now, two years of approved university 

 work beyond the work of the junior col- 

 lege. These requirements are high enough. 

 There is much to be said in favor of lower- 

 ing them to the level of completion of the 

 junior college course. This would cor- 

 respond to the bachelor's degree of twenty 

 to thirty years ago. 



With this should follow the extension 

 of the university as such and the intensi- 

 fication of the higher work. Especially 

 medicine should be added to its scope of 

 instruction, and other lines of advanced 

 work would naturally follow if the uni- 

 versity were relieved from the burden of 

 elementary instruction— of work which is 

 done more or less well in every part of 

 the country. 



Unlike the German universities the 

 American universities must include in- 

 struction in the various professions of 

 engineering. This is in Europe generally 

 relegated to a separate institution, the 

 Polytechnicum. The development of the 

 creative phases of engineering is costly, and 

 yet of the highest importance to the ma- 

 terial progress of the country. Besides 

 the increase of equipment, the library must 

 be greatly enlarged, a process at present 

 going on at a generous rate. It will also 

 be necessary to provide adequate means 

 for the publication of results of scientific, 



