June 12, 1908] 



SCIENCE 



929 



let them be confined to tte scientific workers. 

 The man or institution that has not already 

 begun to lay broad foundations may well be 

 considered among the condemned. Only those 

 who have the true spirit of investigation will 

 win out under the Adams Fund. Instead of 

 winning out by popularity, they will win out 

 in spite of popularity, if they must work for 

 popularity. Being able to reduce science to 

 the popular is no indication of success, 

 whether it be astronomy, meteorology, physiol- 

 ogy; pathology, botany, bacteriology, medicine, 

 or what-not. The fact that any truth becomes 

 popular in any degree should be because of its 

 broad application, and should, and generally 

 does, bespeak years of sacrifice on the part of 

 some investigator. Whatever is worthy to be 

 called truth is worthy the best there is in us, 

 and especially should this be so in agricultural 

 science, where results will benefit almost the 

 whole of the human race. 



E. J. H. DeLoach, 



Botanist 

 Geoeqia Experiment Station, 

 Experiment, Georgia 



likely places for evidence as to the history 



op the evqlution of the anthropoid 



apes and primitive man 



The recent discovery of the chimpanzee in 

 a part of Africa where it had not been pre- 

 viously known to exist enables us now to define 

 a few regions in which the gorilla, the chim- 

 panzee and the pygmies are found in condi- 

 tions suggestive of the possibility of the dis- 

 covery of fossils of their ancestry in a good 

 state of preservation. 



Until these new loci could be determined, 

 the geological character of other regions where 

 one of the three occurred was not such as to 

 encourage hopes of the kind. 



The writer is engaged upon the determina- 

 tion of these likely places, and wishes now to 

 call attention to the matter, so that in the 

 exploration going on in Africa the scientific 

 importance of the matter may receive due 

 attention. The pygmies are now known to 

 have existed practically in situ for three thou- 

 sand years, and there is abundant antecedent 

 probability that the two great anthropoids 



there now have been there for as great or 

 greater a length of time. 



Indeed, the writer believes that it will soon 

 be possible to indicate localities, of less than 

 a few hundred square miles in area, in which 

 the likelihood of discovering these fossils is 

 very great. His own explorations have partly 

 been responsible for this conclusion, and an 

 increasing knowledge of the geology and pet- 

 rology of the great African crest has helped 

 to augment the surmise. Correspondence on 

 this subject is invited. S. P. Verner 



358 West 57th Street, 

 New York 



SPECIAL ARTICLES 



A SIMPLE REFLECTION GONIOMETER 



The lack of a reflection goniometer has 

 probably prevented many persons from meas- 

 uring crystals and has consequently limited 

 the study of crystals. The use of the contact 

 goniometer is confined to fair-sized crystals 

 with faces of appreciable size. Minute faces 

 even on large crystals can not be measured by 

 the contact goniometer. 



In order to encourage the study of crystals 

 the writer desires to describe a simple and 

 convenient reflection goniometer which can be 

 made of materials costing but fifty cents. It 

 is simply Penfleld's cardboard contact goni- 

 ometer, model B,' fitted with an axis. The 

 axis, upon one end of which the crystal is 

 mounted, is provided with a pointer by which 

 the interfacial angles may be read off. 



The accompanying figure is a diagrammatic 

 cross-section of the apparatus, cd is the card- 

 board protractor, consisting of a semi-circle 

 of seven cm. diameter, aa' is the axis which 

 is a cylindrical piece of wood four mm. in 

 diameter and about five cm. in length. This 

 axis must fit snugly into the eyelet of the 

 protractor so as not to wobble when it is 

 revolved. On one end of the axis is a piece 

 of wax, w, upon which the crystal is mounted, 

 p is a fine piece of wire attached to the axis, 

 by means of which interfacial angles are read 

 off on the protractor. 



^ Sold by E. L. Washburn & Co., New Haven, 

 Conn, (price, 50 cents). It is better to cut off 

 the celluloid arm of the protractor. 



