June 19, 1908] 



SCIENCE 



951 



Dr. L. E. Day, in charge of the branch 

 pathological laboratory of the Bureau of 

 Animal Industry at Chicago, recently sent 

 into the Zoological Laboratory of this 

 bureau specimens of the muscles of a sheep 

 extensively infested with small cysticerci. 

 These cysticerci when removed from the 

 capsule surrounding them measure 2 to 

 3 mm. in diameter and are slightly oval in 

 shape. The head process projects into the 

 bladder from one side, as is the case in the 

 'cysticercus of Twnia solium. In the cysti- 

 cercus of Twnia hydatigena the head proc- 

 ess is invaginated from one end of the 

 bladder instead of from the side. Possibly, 

 however, the position of the head depends 

 upon the location of the parasite rather 

 than upon specific peculiarities. Accord- 

 ingly, it might happen that the head proc- 

 ess would develop from the side of the 

 cysticercus of Tcenia hydatigena instead of 

 the end if the parasite were located in 

 muscle tissue, and the fact that in the mut- 

 ton cysticerci found by Dr. Day the posi- 

 tion of the head process is different from 

 that in the cysticerci of Tcenia hydatigena 

 when located in relation with the serous 

 cavities of the host, the usual location, can 

 not be considered absolute proof that the 

 mutton cysticerci in question do not belong 

 to Twnia hydatigena. The hooks of these 

 cysticerci number from 24 to 32 in different 

 specimens. The large hooks measure 135 

 to 160 1^ in length, and the small hooks 100 

 to 120 fi,. The roots of the hooks are only 

 slightly developed, and the hooks, there- 

 fore, do not present all of the characters 

 to be found in fully grown hooks, so that 

 on the basis of the hooks alone it would 

 be difficult to determine whether these cys- 

 ticerci belong to Twnia solium or to Twnia 

 hydatigena. Since, however, they possess 

 a prominent characteristic of Twnia solium 

 which is not shared by Twnia hydatigena, 

 that is, the outer surface of the bladder is 

 marked with numerous small tubercle-like 



projections, and since also, in other par- 

 ticulars of structure as well as in location 

 (in the muscles) they agree more closely 

 with the former than with the latter species, 

 they have been identified as Twnia solium. 



Further Results of Heterotransplanta- 

 tions of Blood-vessels: C. C. GuTHRrE, 

 "Washington University. 

 Continuity of divided carotid arteries in 

 dogs was reestablished by interposing seg- 

 ments of blood-vessels from cat and rab- 

 bit. Good function was observed after 

 more than eight months. 



On the Ovary and Ova of the Cuian Cave- 

 fishes: Henry H. Lane, University of 

 Oklahoma. 



The viviparous blind-fishes {Lucifuga 

 and Stygicola, family Brotulidfe) living in 

 the subterranean streams of Cuba have a 

 Y-shaped ovary which consists of a mass 

 of stroma containing numerous sinuses 

 filled with lymph and adipose tissue, and 

 the whole covered with an epithelium con- 

 tinuous with that lining the surrounding 

 ovisac. This epithelium is quite unique in 

 that it frequently contains numerous blood- 

 capillaries. The ova arise in "nests" or 

 masses of several hundred each, deep with- 

 in the substance of the stroma and in the 

 adult ovaries have at that time an average 

 diameter of about ten micra. Only one 

 ovum from such a nest usually develops to 

 maturity, the other ova of the nest under- 

 going a rapid degeneration and being ulti- 

 mately absorbed into the substance of the 

 growing ovum. In many instances whole 

 nests fail to mature a single ovum, in which 

 case all the ova of such nests undergo a 

 slow, pigmented degeneration in situ. 

 This destruction of so many ova at an early 

 stage is an adaptation to the viviparous 

 habit of these fishes. The whole ovary as 

 just described is enclosed within a Y- 

 shaped ovisac which is continued to the 

 urogenital pore as the oviduct. The young 



