July 22, 1910] 



SCIENCE 



119 



pressed hope (p. 349, note) that he has not 

 misrepresented the doctrine of control of these 

 writers, the present reviewer feels compelled to 

 say he has misrepresented it by identifying it 

 with his own doctrine of " inner " control ! 



The most characteristic feature of this vol- 

 ume, as of the previous one, is Baldwin's 

 dualism of inner and outer controls. He 

 holds, however, that the two controls exist only 

 for the knower, " for consciousness " (p. 5, 

 note), and only in the logical mode of thought. 

 I suppose he intends to show that this dualism 

 of controls is really phenomenal — in the third 

 volume. Otherwise it is an important book 

 and one that specialists in logical theory will 

 welcome. G. A. Tawney 



University of Cincinnati 



BOTANICAL NOTES 



Dr. Euth Marshall has given us an in- 

 structive pamphlet on the " Ferns of the 

 Dells of the Wisconsin River," illustrated by 

 halftone reproductions of photographs of the 

 ferns themselves, and their rocky and often 

 picturesque environment. A pleasantly and 

 somewhat popularly written text adds to the 

 interest of the pretty booklet. 



From far-away Trinidad come three papers 

 by J. B. Rorer on plant pathology — " Bud-rot 

 of the Coconut Pahn," " Black-rot and Canker 

 of Cacao " and " A Bacterial Disease of Ba- 

 nanas and Plantains." The exact relationship 

 of the organism in the latter case has not yet 

 been made out. 



Dr. Groth's paper on the " Structure of 

 Tomato Skins " in the Bulletin of the New 

 Jersey Experiment Station (N"o. 228) will in- 

 terest histologists as well as those who are 

 studying the structural diilerences between 

 closely related plants. 



WiLLLiM BEUTENMiJLLEE's recent contribu- 

 tions (Bull. Am. Museum of Nat. Hist., vol. 

 28) on certain gall-producing insects is of in- 

 terest to botanists as well as entomologists, 

 since the galls themselves are strictly botan- 

 ical. Excellent illustrations accompany the 

 papers. 



Professor Phillips contributes materially 

 to our knowledge of the life history of the 

 junipers in his paper on " The Dissemination 



of Junipers by Birds" (Forestry Quarterly, 

 vol. 8) in which he gives facts from which he 

 reaches the conclusion that " birds are re- 

 sponsible for most of the dissemination of 

 junipers," and that " mammals distribute 

 only a small proportion of juniper seeds." 



A paper on " Reforesting Operations " in 

 the fifteenth Annual Report of the New York 

 Forest, Fish and Game Commission, by E. R. 

 Pettis, is full of helpful suggestions for all 

 who are interested in this phase of the general 

 subject of forestry. It is -illustrated by many 

 fine half-tone reproductions of photographs. 



The Report of the State Botanist (of the 

 New York State Museum) for the year 1909, 

 contains the usual lists of species not before 

 reported (including no less than 38 flowering 

 plants) : some discussions of certain species ; 

 notes on certain species of edible fungi; new 

 species from outside the state of New York; 

 a monograph of New York species of Inocyhe, 

 and a similar treatment of the species of 

 Heheloma. Ten good colored plates accom- 

 pany the report. 



Professor C. E. Lewis describes (Bull. 

 Maine Expt. Station, No. 178) a new species 

 of Endomyces (E. mali) which he discovered 

 in a study of apple decay. Cultural and cyto- 

 logical comparisons are made with other 

 species, and the paper is illustrated with 

 drawings and half-tones of photographs. 



In another bulletin (No. 174) of the same 

 station Professor W. J. Morse describes a 

 stern and tuber disease of the potato which 

 has assumed " rather grave aspects " and to 

 which the name "blackleg" has been given. 

 It is widespread in the United States from 

 South Carolina to "Maine, and westward to 

 Colorado, and possibly further west, although 

 often found only in isolated localities. It has 

 not yet been determined whether or not the 

 bacteria are identical with any hitherto de- 

 scribed. It is probably spread by means of 

 infected seed tubers. 



ORiiOND Butler's " Observations on the 

 California Vine Disease " (Mem. Torr. Boi. 

 Club, XrV., 2) lead him to the conclusion 

 that it " is due to some weakness in the func- 

 tions of absorption and translocation of water 



