August 26, 1910] 



SCIENCE 



269 



berg, of Harvard, will open the discussion, 

 in which Dr. Lucy Hirsch Ernst, Professor 

 Lippman, of Berlin, Dr. Kerr, the prin- 

 cipal medical officer of the London County 

 Council, and several members of his staff. 

 Professor C. S. Myers, Dr. T. P. Nunn, Dr. 

 Rivers, of Cambridge, and others, have 

 signified their intention to tal?:e part. Re- 

 ports will be presented by the investigators, 

 of serial observations on school children 

 and others, which have been conducted in 

 London, Liverpool, Sheffield, Wolverhamp- 

 ton and elsewhere. 



Apart from the joint discussion with the 

 chemical and botanical sections on "The 

 Biochemistry of Respiration," the provin- 

 cial arrangements of Section I (physiol- 

 ogy) include a joint discussion with the 

 educational section on voice production. 

 There will further be a discussion on cais- 

 son disease, to be opened by Dr. Leonard 

 Hill, F.R.S., while Professor C. S. Sher- 

 rington, F.R.S., has promised a paper on 

 "Reflex Standing and Walking." 



In Section K (botany) the papers are 

 generally distinguished by their severely 

 technical character. The program of the 

 section for the Sheffield meeting forms no 

 exception to the rule; but, as in former 

 j'ears, the proceedings will be relieved on 

 one afternoon by a semi-popular lecture. 

 This will be delivered by Professor F. 0. 

 Bower, who has chosen the attractive title, 

 "Sand Dunes and Golf Links." Papers 

 have also been promised by Professor 

 Bower (a) on "Two Synthetic Genera of 

 Filicales"; (6) "Note on Ophioglossum 

 palmatum" ; by Dr. F. Darwin, on a new 

 method of estimating the opening of sto- 

 mata; Mr. S. Maugham, the "Paths of 

 Translocations of Sugars from Green 

 Leaves ' ' ; Professor F. W. Oliver, on the 

 "Pollen Chambers of Fossil and Recent 

 Seeds ' ' ; Mrs. Thoday, the ' ' Morphology of 

 the Ovules in Gnetum and Welwitschia" : 



Dr. M. C. Stopes, "Further Observations 

 on the Fossil Flower"; Mr. Harold Wager, 

 "Chromosome Reduction in the Hymeno- 

 m.ycetes ' ' ; Professor V. H. Blackburn, on 

 the "Sexuality of Poly stigma rub rum" ; 

 Professor Farmer and Miss Digby, on 

 "Telophases and Prophases in Galtonia"; 

 Dr. Lloyd Williams, the "Zoospores and 

 Trumpet-hyphffi of the Laminariaceas"; 

 Mr. M. Wilson, "Plant Distribution in the 

 Woods of Northeast Kent"; Mr. A. S. 

 Home, on the "Absorption of Water by 

 Leguminous Seeds"; Dr. H. C. J. Fraser is 

 also contributing a eytological paper. 

 Mention has already been made of the joint 

 discussion with the chemists and physiolo- 

 gists on the biochemistry of respiration. 



As president of Section L (educational 

 science), Principal H. A. Miers, F.R.S., 

 will take as the subject of his inaugural ad- 

 dress "A Distinction between University 

 and School Methods of Education. ' ' In it 

 he will suggest that many of the present 

 failures of our educational system are due 

 to the fact that university methods are too 

 often used at school and that school meth- 

 ods are too often retained at the university ; 

 that at the university preparatory work 

 should no longer be required, but that the 

 student should be brought into an atmos- 

 phere of inquiry, in which he is from the 

 very beginning made to feel responsible for 

 his work. He will urge that this change 

 of method should be sudden and complete, 

 and preparatory courses of training should 

 be entirely abandoned, and that the method 

 of teaching a trained mind should be en- 

 tirely different from that which is em- 

 ployed with the untrained minds of chil- 

 dren. The Educational Section has always 

 aimed at confining its proceedings mainly 

 to the discussion of questions of wide inter- 

 est and outstanding importance, and this 

 year it has managed its full share of joint 

 meetings with other sections. The arrange- 



