Decembeb 2, 1910] 



SCIENCE 



in 



enee of the unusual personality of some of 

 these men in attracting others to the study. 

 I have in mind especially Eev. J. 6. Morris 

 and Henry ULke, neither of whom is men- 

 tioned in the list; Morris because at that 

 period he had stopped publishing and Ulke 

 because he had not published at all. Both 

 of these men, rarely attractive, lived long, 

 Morris dying in 1895 at the age of ninety- 

 two and Ulke in the present year at eighty- 

 nine, and both of them undoubtedly made 

 entomologists of others by their personal 

 charm and enthusiasm. 



There were then in 1873 three teachers 

 of entomology, two of them just beginning, 

 three state entomologists, one of them 

 (Fitch) already at the end of his work, a 

 government entomologist who, on account 

 of his mental make-up, was adding little to 

 the progress of the science, and a small 

 body of amateur entomologists engaged in 

 all sorts of occupations, but whose syste- 

 matic work as a whole compared favorably 

 in quality with that of the workers of other 

 countries. The Canadian Entomologist 

 had been started, and the American Ento- 

 mological Society was publishing good en- 

 tomological papers. 



At the present time, after thirty-seven 

 j'ears, what a change is to be seen ! In the 

 place of the few score self-trained entomol- 

 ogists, there is now an army. The Amer- 

 ican Entomological Society is still in exist- 

 ence, and publishes, in addition to its 

 Transactions, an admirable entomological 

 journal. Entomological News. The Ento- 

 mological Society of Washington has been 

 founded, with its quarterly Proceedings 

 now well along in its twelfth volume. The 

 Albany Entomological Society, the New 

 York and BrookljTi societies, the California 

 Entomological Society, the Society of 

 Southern Economic Entomologists and the 

 great Association of Economic Entomolo- 

 gists with its list of foreign members in all 



parts of the world and its universally-read 

 Journal of Economic Entomology, and, 

 latest of all, the Entomological Society of 

 America with its large list of members and 

 fellows and its entirely competent annals 

 and its representation the present year at 

 the first International Entomological Con- 

 gress — all have sprung into healthy and 

 progressive existence since those days. 



In place of the two active state workers 

 in economic entomology, Le Baron in Illi- 

 nois and Riley in Missouri, and of the 

 single government entomologist, there is 

 now in practically every state in the union 

 an efficient entomological staff composed of 

 trained men ; and at Washington there is a 

 corps connected with the Bureau of En- 

 tomology comprising six hundred and 

 twenty-three individuals, of whom one 

 hundred and thirty-one are trained ento- 

 mologists. In certain states, notably Cali- 

 fornia, there are even county and district 

 entomologists. It is safe to say that in 

 1873 there were spent by states and the 

 general government for entomological 

 work not to exceed ten thousand dollars a 

 year. On the other hand, the amount 

 spent by states and the general government 

 for this work at the present time much 

 exceeds one million dollars a year. As late 

 as 1877, immediately following the disas- 

 trous invasions of the Rocky Mountain 

 locust into Colorado, Kansas and western 

 Missouri, and which brought about a loss 

 certainly equaling two hundred millions of 

 dollars and reduced a large population to 

 the verge of starvation, it was with the 

 utmost difficultj' that Riley and his col- 

 leagues were able to secure from congress 

 an appropriation of eighteen thousand dol- 

 lars to start the United States Entomolog- 

 ical Commission on its work of investiga- 

 tion of the causes of the outbreak and the 

 remedies to be used in case of future inva- 

 sions. A conference of the governors of 



