258 



SCIENCE 



[N. 8. Vol. XL. No. 1025 



versities are not maintaining the position 

 they held from 1898 to 1907. Cornell, 

 Wisconsin, Illinois and Princeton conferred 

 this year more degrees than ever before, 



Table III 

 Doctorates Distributed According to Subjects 



Chemistry. . . 



Physics 



Zoology 



Psychology. . . 



Botany 



Mathematics . 



Geology 



Physiology . . . 

 Astronomy. . . 

 Agriculture . . . 

 Bacteriology. . 

 Anthropology. 

 Anatomy . . . . 

 Paleontology . 



Pathology 



Engineering. . 

 Mineralogy. . . 

 Metallurgy. . . 

 Geography. . . 

 Meteorology. . 



Total. 



32.3 



15.5 



15.2 



13.5 



12.6 



12.1 



7.1 



4.1 



3.4 



1.0 



1.4 



1.0 



.9 



1.6 



.5 



.8 



.6 



.3 



English 



History 



Economics 



Philosophy 



Education 



German 



Latin 



Sociology 



Romance 



Greek 



Political Science. . . . 



Oriental 



Theology 



Philol. and Com. Lit. 



Law 



Classical Arch 



Fine Arts 



Music 



194 180 239 273 234 241 2,786 



753 



335 



316 



287 



275 



274 



164 



89 



64 



62 



40 



27 



22. 



23 



17 



17 



10 



5 



5 



Total 195 197 182 206 211 237 261 1 



241 

 189 

 152 

 142 

 124 

 113 

 106 

 89 

 85 

 59 

 59 

 56 

 38 

 15 



the advance of the last two iastitutions being 

 remarkable. Princeton conferred this year 

 nearly as many degrees as during the ten 

 years from 1898 to 1907, and Illinois con- 

 ferred over four times as many degrees as 



during that period. Clark and Michigan, 

 like Yale and the Johns Hopkins, main- 

 tained only about the place they held ten 

 years ago. The number of degrees con- 

 ferred by Harvard is larger than it has ever 

 been, while there is a decrease at Columbia 

 compared with the past three years. 



Turning to the table referring to the de- 

 grees conferred in the sciences, we find 

 that Chicago maintains its lead, though it 

 was this year equalled by Harvard and 

 surpassed by Cornell. Columbia takes the 

 place of the Johns Hopkins University as 

 the university having conferred the most 

 degrees in the sciences next to Chicago, 

 while Cornell follows very closely. In the 

 separate sciences, chemistry, as always, is 

 in the lead, with 71 degrees, followed by 

 botany, with 34 degrees. The increase in 

 the number of degrees in botany is note- 

 worthy, it being nearly three times the 

 average from 1898 to 1907. There were 

 also conferred this year 9 degrees in agri- 

 culture and 6 in bacteriology. In both 

 zoology and in mathematics 25 degrees were 

 conferred. In subjects other than the 

 natural sciences, English and history lead, 

 surpassing any of the sciences except 

 chemistry. Next in order come economies 

 and education, each with 27 degrees, fol- 

 lowed by German with 23 degrees and 

 sociology with 22 degrees. 



The institutions which conferred two or 

 more degrees in a science are: chemistry, 

 Harvard, 9 ; Cornell, 8 ; Columbia and Yale, 

 7 each ; Illinois, 6 ; Johns Hopkins and Wis- 

 consin, 5 each; Chicago, 4; California and 

 Clark, 3 each; Massachusetts Institute of 

 Technology and Stanford, 2 each; in phys- 

 ics, Cornell, 5; Johns Hopkins, 4; Wiscon- 

 sin, 3; Chicago and Illinois, 2 each; in 

 zoology, Cornell and Harvard, 4 each; 

 California, Columbia, Illinois and Johns 

 Hopkins, 3 each; in psychology, Chicago, 

 4; Clark and Cornell, 2 each; in matke- 



