SCIENCE 



Feidat, Novembee 13, 1914 



CONTENTS 

 The Nature and Purpose of Education-: Pro- 

 fessor Victor C. Vaughan 685 



The Uses for Mathematics: Dr. Samuel G. 

 Barton 697 



The Late William Saunders: Dr. Frank T. 

 Shutt 700 



The Museum of Vertebrate Zoology of the 

 Urmersity of California: Dr. C. Hart Mer- 



RIAM 703 



Scientific Notes and News 704 



University and Educational News 707 



Discussion and Correspondence: — 



Sunflower Problems: Professor T. D. A. 

 COCKERELL. X-ray Diffraction Patterns: 

 Dr. W. W. Strong, m. New Method of Pre- 

 paring Spiders for Exhibition in Museum 

 Groups: Ignaz Matausch 708 



Scientific BooTcs : — 

 Daly on Igneous Modes and their Origin: 

 Dr. J. P. IDMNGS. Smith on Bacteria in 

 relation to Plant Diseases: Professor 

 Charles E. Besset. Savage on the Bac- 

 teriological Examination of Food and 

 Water: Professor C.-E. A. Winslow. 

 Crowther on Molecular Physics: Professor 

 R. A. MiLLIKAN 710 



Special Articles: — 



Milk Epidemics of Septic Sore Throat and 

 their Belation to Streptococci: Dr. David 

 John Davis. The Artificial Fertilization 

 of Queen Bees: Francis Jager and C. W. 

 Howard 7 



MSS. intended for publication and books, etc., intended for 

 review should be sent to Professor J. McKeen Cattell, Garrison- 

 on-Hudson, N. Y. 



TBE NATUBE AND PUBPOSE OF EDUCA- 

 TIONi 



Students of Michigan: From farm, village 

 and city, from every state in the union, from 

 every continent in the world, you have come 

 ■to spend here from four to six years in the 

 formative period of your lives. Why are you 

 here? What has impelled you to leave your 

 homes and come to this small city? While 

 Ann Arbor is a pleasant place in which to 

 reside, there are many other cities, both 

 larger and smaller, more attractively located. 

 We have no inspiring view of ocean, no pic- 

 turesque lake, no majestic river, no towering 

 mountain peaks, no vine-clad hills, no broad 

 valleys, no historic associations, no ruined 

 castles. Ann Arbor is a commonplace town, 

 pleasant enough in its way, but without the 

 material attractions of which a hundred other 

 places may boast. What is the loadstone that 

 has drawn you from near and from afar? It 

 is the university. What is the university, 

 why does it exist and what is your purpose in 

 coming to it? Some universities have been 

 founded to perpetuate theological creeds, 

 some to serve as monuments to men of 

 wealth and power, but neither of these mo- 

 tives actuated the founders of this university. 

 It had its inception in the wisdom of the 

 early settlers of this state, it has been and is 

 maintained by the labors of their descend- 

 ants. The rich and the poor contribute to its 

 support. Many of the former send their sons 

 and daughters to more aristocratic institu- 

 tions and many of the latter are not able to 

 send their children to any university, but aU 

 pay in proportion to their means to the sup- 

 port of this institution. What justifies the 

 ■"°ople of this state in imposing upon them- 

 selves the burden of taxation necessary to sus- 

 tain this university? The total fees paid by 



1 A popular lecture to the students of Michigan 

 University on Convocation Day, October 16, 1914. 





oft\an institutj' 



