102 



SCIENCE 



[N. S. Vol. XLIII. No. 1099 



It is shown that transformations of the inde- 

 pendent variable have no significance over and 

 above linear transformations of the dependent 

 variables for the purposes of classification with 

 respect to the notion of equivalence. 



5. A Quantitative Study of Cutaneous Anal- 

 gesia Produced hy Various Opium Alkaloids: 

 David I. Macht, N". B. Herman and CHARiiES 

 S. Levy, Pharmacological Laboratory, Johns 

 Hopkins University. 



By the use of exact experimental methods 

 the order of analgesic power in the individual 

 alkaloids from strongest to weakest is found to 

 be: Morphin (10 mg.), papaverin (40 mg.), 

 eodein (20 mg.), narcotin (30 mg.), narcein 

 (10 mg.), thebain (10 mg.). The combina- 

 tions of alkaloids are also studied. 



6. TJie Surf ace-Tension at the Interface be- 

 tween Two Liquids: William D. Harkins 

 and E. C. Humphrey, Kent Chemical Labo- 

 ratory, University of Chicago. 



The substitution of experiments on the 

 liquid-liquid interface for the ordinary method 

 in which a liquid-air interface is used, makes 

 it possible to compare the drop-weight results 

 with those obtained in a capillary tube of large 

 bore. Various advantages appear from the use 

 of this method. 



7. Outlines of a Proposed System of Classi- 

 fication of the Nehulce hy Means of Their 

 Spectra: W. H. Wright, Lick Observatory, 

 University of California. 



The spectra are arranged according to the 

 degree of concentration of 4686A and some of 

 the neighboring lines. The successive nebulae 

 stand in very close relation to one another, yet 

 at one end of the scale is a purely gaseous 

 nebula, and at the other end a banded star. 



8. Some Prohahle Identities in Wave-Length 

 in Nebular and Stellar Spectra: W. H. 

 Wright, Lick Observatory, University of 

 California. 



The evidence renders probable the presence 

 in the nebulae of carbon and nitrogen and 

 fortifies the assumption of a close relationship 

 between the nebulse and the early type stars. 



9. Energy Transformations During Horizontal 

 Walking: Francis G. Benedict and Hans 



Murschhauser, Nutrition Laboratory, Car- 

 negie Institution of Washington. 

 The metabolism found for the subject walk- 

 ing at moderate speed without food has an 

 average value of J gram-calorie. Slow, me- 

 dium, and fast walking and running are inves- 

 tigated for comparison. 



10. The Physiology of the New-Born Infant: 

 Francis G. Benedict and Fritz B. Talbot, 

 ISTutrition Laboratory, Carnegie Institution 

 of Washington. 



The results of experiments on 105 new-born 

 infants give opportunity for suggestions as to 

 supplemental feeding and methods of con- 

 serving energy. 



11. A Comparison of Methods for Determin- 

 ing the Respiratory Exchange of Man: 

 Thoene M. Carpenter, Nutrition Labora- 

 tory, Carnegie Institution of Washington. 

 The apparatus compared were the follow- 

 ing: bed respiration calorimeter; two forms of 

 the Benedict universal respiration apparatus; 

 Zuntz-Geppert apparatus; Tissot apparatus; 

 and so on. 



12. N euro-Muscular Effects of Moderate Doses 

 of Alcohol: Eaymond Dodge and Francis G. 

 Benedict, Nutrition Laboratory, Carnegie 

 Institution of Washington. 



Contrary to the theory of Kraepelin, the 

 authors find no facilitation of the motor proc- 

 esses, but the depression of their simplest 

 forms in the finger and eye movements seem 

 to be one of the most characteristic effects of 

 alcohol. 



13. Variation and Inheritance in Abnormal- 

 ities Occurring after Conjugation in Para- 

 mecium Caudatum: EuTH J. Stocking, 

 Zoological Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Uni- 

 versity. 



In respect to the abnormalities, while some 

 lines are constant in hereditary character, in 

 others hereditable variations do occur within 

 the line, so that, by selection, it is possible to 

 break the single stock into a number of stocks 

 differing hereditarily. 



14. The Influence of the Marginal Sense Or- 

 gans on Functional Activity in Cassiopea 

 Xamachana: Lewis R. Gary, Department of 



