SCIENCE 



Friday, February 11, 1916 



CONTENTS 

 The American Association for the Advance- 

 ment of Science: — 



The Dependence of Progress in Science on 

 the Development of Instruments : Professor 

 Anthony Zelent 185 



Psychological and Historical Interpretations 

 for Culture: Dr. Clark Wissler 193 



Charles PienA Zeiller: E. W. B 201 



Becommendations of the Pan-American Scien- 

 tifij Congress 202 



Scientific Notes and News 204 



University and Educational News 207 



Discussion and Correspondence: — 



Parasites of the MusJcrat : Dr. Franklin D. 

 Barker. The Use of the Injection Process 

 in Class Work in Zoology: Eaphael Isaacs. 

 The Poisonous Character of Pose Chafers: 

 J. M. Bates 208 



Scientific BooTcs: — 

 The British Antarctic Expedition: Dr. Wm. 

 H. Dall 10 



The Proceedings of the National Academy of 

 Sciences: Edwin Bidwell Wilson 211 



Notes en Meteorology and Climatology: 

 Charles P. Brooks 212 



Special Articles: — 



The Development of ths Phylloxera vasatrix 

 Leaf Gall: Harry R. Eosen 216 



The Quarter-centennial Anniversary of the 

 Ohio Academy of Sciences: Professor Ed- 

 ward L. EicE 217 



The Tennessee Academy of Science: EoscOE 

 NuNN 218 



Societies and Academies: — 



The Botanical Society of Washington : Per- 

 ley Spaulding. The Anthropological So- 

 ciety of Washington: Daniel Polkmar . . . 219 



MSS. intended for publication and books, etc., intended for 

 reTiew sfaould be sent to Professor J. McKeen Cattell, Garrison- 

 OB-Hudson. N. Y. 



THE DEPENDENCE OF PROGRESS IN 



SCIENCE ON THE DEVELOPMENT 



OF INSTRUMENTS! 



Our civilization is requiring for its 

 physical welfare a more and more intimate 

 knowledge of nature's forces. It is de- 

 manding this knowledge faster than it is 

 being produced as a by-product in our edu- 

 cational institutions. Scientific investiga- 

 tion is becoming a large business. Govern- 

 ments have established research laborato- 

 ries; private individuals have endowed 

 others; universities are making more 

 strenuous efforts than ever to encourage 

 research and to make it a real part of their 

 function; and commercial enterprises are 

 finding it profitable to establish research 

 laboratories on a large scale, not being able 

 to wait for the random discoveries from 

 other sources. These facts, alone, show 

 that science is rendering an indispensable 

 service. 



The factors which are involved in the so- 

 lution of scientific problems are in part 

 mental and in part physical. Long experi- 

 ence has taught that however much we may 

 owe to the great minds that evolve basic 

 generalizations and hypotheses, real prog- 

 ress in science ultimately rests on the es- 

 tablishment of facts. Our reasoning fac- 

 ulties, by themselves, are unable to cope 

 with the complexity of the physical world, 

 and are sure to stray from reality unless 

 they are continually guided by observation 

 and experiment. Galileo with his experi- 

 mental methods contributed more to sci- 



1 Address of the vice-president and chairman of 

 Section B — ^Physics, American Association for the 

 Advancement of Science, Columbus, December, 

 1915. 



