Makch 17, 1916] 



SCIENCE 



397 



of Flint Eidge, found a gully in Poverty Eun near 

 the eastern end of the ridge, which shows the most 

 complete section of the rocks below the flint that 

 has yet been found. This paper gives a detailed 

 account of this section, another one at the west- 

 ern end of the ridge, and for the purpose of corre- 

 lation, one of Putnam Hill at Zanesville. Two 

 limestones and two flints occur in the Poverty Eun 

 section. The upper limestone, which directly 

 underlies the higher flint, resembles the Upper 

 Putnam Hill limestone at Zanesville; the second 

 limestone 27 feet below the base of the upper one 

 resembles the Putnam Hill limestone, and a black 

 flint 22i feet below the base of the lower limestone 

 resembles the Upper Mercer limestone at the foot 

 of Putnam Hill, Zanesville. 



Correlation of the Conemaugh with the Kansas- 



Pennsylvanian: J. W. Bbede. 

 The Cleveland Gas Field: J. A. Bownockek. 



A year or two after gas was discovered at Find- 

 lay in 1884 a deep well was sunk at Cleveland and 

 a little gas secured but it was not of commercial 

 proportions. Other tests were made from time to 

 time but without success until February, 1912, 

 when two good wells were secured in the "Clin- 

 ton" sand at a depth of about 2,700 feet. A year 

 later 150 strings of tools were at work and wells 

 were sunk in large numbers on town lots and in 

 this way much money wasted. The producing 

 territory lay along the western edge of Cleveland 

 and in the adjacent town of Lakewood. Later 

 work has carried it some miles west of that place 

 and southwest toward Berea. The largest well yet 

 drilled in this field had an initial flow at the rate 

 of 14,000,000 cubic feet per day and the closed 

 or rock pressure of the field was about 1,050 

 pounds per square inch. The limits of this field 

 have not been determined. In February, 1913, a 

 large volume of gas was struck in the valley of the 

 Cuyahoga, well within the city limits of Cleve- 

 land. The initial flow of the first well started at 

 10,000,000 cubic feet per day and other wells were 

 sunk as rapidly as the drill could be forced down 

 with the result that the limits of this field were 

 soon determined while the proximity of wells made 

 them short lived. The producing sand was not 

 the "Clinton" but a higher one imbedded in the 

 Silurian limestones. Eocks in the vicinity of 

 Cleveland rise to the northwest and anticlines have 

 not been located, though small ones may be pres- 

 ent. Apparently the gas has worked its way from 

 the southeast to the higher places, that is, to vi- 

 cinity of Cleveland. 



Oolitic Bmlding Stone of the Bowling Green 



Field, Kentuchy : M. H. Crump. 



This remarkable building stone so beautifully 

 seen in such handsome edifices as St. Thomas 

 (Episcopal) Church, 53d street and Fifth avenue, 

 New York; Hall of Eecords, Brooklyn; Manufac- 

 turer's Club, Philadelphia; the Everett mansion, 

 Sheridan Circle, Washington, D. C. ; and in many 

 federal buildings throughout the United States, is 

 found in the upper beds of the St. Louis limestone, 

 covering an extent of some 200 miles in the county 

 of Warren, state of Kentucky. It runs from ten 

 to twenty-two feet thick, without a seam, and 

 averages fifteen feet of commercial stone, which 

 means 653,400 cubic feet per acre, or a total of 

 more than eight and one third billion cubic feet 

 immediately in sight, and ready to be put on the 

 cars for less than ten cents per foot, where it is 

 worth fifty cents. Professor Shaler speaks of it 

 as ' ' Occurring in layers of excellent form for use, 

 readily worked, and with a rare quality of en- 

 durance — rather soft, so that it can be easily 

 carved, but on exposure acquires much greater 

 hardness. Add to this a rare beauty of color — a 

 cream tint — and an endurance of color, and you 

 have all the desirable qualities of a building stone 

 well represented. ' ' Its ultimate crushing strength 

 per square inch is 6,157 lbs., weight 167 lbs., car- 

 bonate of lime 97.69 per cent., water absorbed 6.2 

 per cent., U. S. G-overnment Test. 



Seames Cave: Thomas M. Hills. 



Eeames Cave, which is located in central Ohio, 

 is the largest cave in the state. It occurs in zones 

 B and C of an outlier of Columbus limestone, which 

 was shaped by the ice and partly covered by drift. 

 The total length of the galleries is nearly a mile. 

 They have a maximum width of fifty feet. Depo- 

 sition of iron oxide and calcium carbonate are 

 being made contemporaneously. 



Comparati/oe Notes on the Loess of the Danube 



and the Shine: B. Shimek. 

 The Loesses of the Mississippi Valley : B. Shimek. 



A discussion of the several types of loess, with 

 notes on their geographic distribution and strati- 

 graphic relation. The several loesses represent 

 distinct periods of time. Their peculiarities are, 

 in part, accounted for by differences in source of 

 materials. 



Group Belationship among Physiographic Features 

 as an Aid in Field Interpretation: George D. 



HXJBBAKD. 



