748 



SCIENCE 



[N. S. Vol. XLIII. No. 1117 



eases. The author's work on the anatomy of 

 the house fly began at the University of Man- 

 chester in 1905. A very satisfactory mono- 

 graph which he published in 1907-8 is largely 

 incorporated in the present work. On the sub- 

 ject of the muscular structure of the larrae 

 particularly, the contribution Dr. Hewitt 

 makes is important. Previous writers gen- 

 erally have passed over this subject lightly. In 

 fact the anatomy of the larvae of insects has 

 received but little attention. The principal 

 previous work referred to the larva of the goat 

 moth and was published in 1762. There are 

 few investigators qualified to do such work on 

 anatomy as has been done by Dr. Hewitt. His 

 account not only widens our knowledge of 

 insect structure, but corrects many errors 

 which have been made by less competent ob- 

 servers. 



The subject of the role of the house fly in 

 the dissemination of disease is an extremely 

 complicated one. It is not sufficient to deter- 

 mine the presence of pathogenic bacteria on 

 the fly. Immediately questions of the viabil- 

 ity of the bacteria and the habits of the fly 

 must be considered, before the actual impor- 

 tance of the insect in disseminating the germs 

 can be considered settled. On this subject in 

 the last few years masses of articles of the 

 most diverse kinds have appeared. Dr. Hewitt 

 analyzes the evidence and treats it in a con- 

 servative and judicial manner. His conclu- 

 sions will undoubtedly be fully substantiated 

 in the course of time. Even since the book 

 was published much corroborative evidence 

 has been supplied. 



The book is vsritten in a clear and effective 

 style, is well balanced, well illustrated and al- 

 together in keeping with the high reputation 

 which the author enjoys. 



W. D. Hunter 



CONTRIBUTIONS TO MINERALOGY 



AND THE MINERAL SPRINGS 



OF JAPAN 



The Japanese publication Beiirdge zur Min- 

 eralogie von Japan, so ably conducted by Pro- 

 fessor Tsunashiro Wada, offers in its fifth 

 number, recently issued, several valuable con- 



tributions to the mineralogy of the Japan- 

 ese empire. Although the title of this publi- 

 cation is in German, all of the articles, with 

 the exception of some in the first number, 

 have been written in English.^ 



Of especial interest is the first paper, by 

 ISTobuyo Fukuchi, " The Minerals of Chosen 

 (Korea)." It presents a summary of about 

 sixty mineral species that have so far been 

 discovered in Korea, among them the follow- 

 ing precious stone materials, although hardly 

 of gem-quality: garnet, beryl (?), tourmaline 

 and zircon, as well as rock crystal, smoky 

 quartz, amethyst, rose quartz, etc. Large 

 quartz crystals, of a peculiar reddish hue due 

 to inclusions, have been found at Hukuganzan, 

 Keisho-nando, as have also amethyst crystals. 

 Smoky quartz occurs at several places near 

 Keishu, Keisho-hokudo, and in this region are 

 rock crystals affording good material for 

 lenses. Gold placers and gold veins occur at 

 several places; one large nugget weighing 

 about 915 grams (nearly 30 ounces) was found 

 near Tansen and is noted in the Journal of 

 the Geographical Society of Tokyo for 1912. 

 Limonite, the chief iron ore of Korea, occurs 

 in four places: The Kaisen iron mine in 

 Heian-hokudo ; and the Inritsu, Sainei, and 

 Kenjiho mines in Kokai-do. Garnet has been 

 found in the Suian gold mines in Kokai-do 

 and in the Inzan gold mines in Heian-hokudo; 

 columnar crystals of zircon occur in a graphite 

 deposit at Jido, Heian-hokudo; and black 

 tourmaline is found near the Sakushu gold 

 mines, Heian-hokudo, and at two other locali- 

 ties. The occurrence of graphite in the 

 Gneiss system and the Korean system or in 

 old Paleozoic sediments in Korea is also stud- 

 ied by Nobuyo Fukuchi. The graphite veins 

 frequently consist of two symmetrical halves 

 of similar structure with a boundary line be- 

 tween them, and graphite deposits of this type 

 are of great purity and particularly valuable 

 from an economic standpoint. The veins are 

 believed to owe their formation to dissocia- 

 tion from neighboring graphite nests, caused 

 1 Beitrdge zur Mineralogie von Japan, ed. by T. 

 Wada, No. 5, November, Tokyo, 1915; 101 pp., 

 plate; pp. 207-305 of continuous pagination. 



