war's efpect upon education and liteeatdre 



53 



tablí: 1. — Effects of war as compared with times of peace 



(Percentage of increase (+) or decrease ( — ) in war time, as comparecí with 

 previous year of peace time) 



General effects of war upon edu- 

 cation, literature and certain so- 

 cial conditious 



University atteiidance 



College attendance 



Common school attendance. . 



Literary production 



Crime 



Suicide 



Illegitimacy 



Divorce suits 



Bankrnptcies 



Law sipts 



Marriages 



Ratio of male births to fema- 

 le births 



- Wheat 



Prices of , Potatoes 



' Beef . : 



Per cent of killed and wouuded 



1914-1915 

 European war 



— 40 



» 



— 0.9^ 

 —20 

 —40 



— 9'^ 

 —11^ 



» 

 —17 



22 



+ 19.3 



+ 1.3 



+ 51 , 



+ 18 ' +88.5' 



+39) 



11" 



1870-1871 



Franco-Prussian 



war 



Frauce 



— 15 



— 7' 

 » 



— 54 

 -16 

 —12 



— 0.7 

 —18 

 —33 

 22 



— 0.2 



— 0.3 



+ 26 



30^ 



Germany 



— 10 



— 5^= 



— 0.1 

 -10 

 —20 

 —11 = 

 + 3.3 



— 5 



— 14 



+ 0.77 



» 



» 

 + 4« 



10" 



The most striking result brougiit out by Table 1 is, tliat certain 

 undesirable elements, as crime, suicide, illegitimacy, divorce, bank- 



' Average of decreases for two years used. 

 ^ Normal school iu Bavaria. 

 ' Scotland and Ireland. 



* Excess of decreases or increases for each year of Boer war is used as the per- 

 centage basis for 1898. 



= Badén, Bavaria, Wurtemburg. 



" Surplus of increaS'es in England and Scotland only. 



' The Prussian ofíicial Statistisches Correspondenz gives this figure for 20 impor- 

 tant food products from July 1914 to February 1, 1916;^ Prussia only. 



' J. L. McLuGHLiN, University of Chicago. See also War Study, Society of 

 Copenhagen. 



'" Bdart, Mitifar-historisches Eriegs-Lexikon. 



*' MEYERS.^Konversations Lexikon, Deutsche- Franzosische Krieg. 



