war's effect upon eddcation and literatuke 59 



1865 crimes of violence increased from C24 to 995, and arrest iii Kew 

 York from 54.751 to 68.873. 



In Great Britain duriiig the presént wav, the more serious crimes 

 decreased 13 per cent in 1914, and in Engiand and Wales 45 per cent 

 in 1915. In Scotland in 1915 serious forms of crime decreased 18 per 

 cent and in Ireland 23 per cent (see table 14). 



During the Boer war (see tables 18, 19, chapter ITI) also not only 

 crime but suicide decreased. In the Franco-Germán war crime decre- 

 ased greatly in both France (table 21) and Germany (table 24). 



CRIMES OF VENGEANCE AND HATRED SHOW 

 RELATIVE INCREASE IN WAR 



But while the total amount of crime is greatly reduced in time of 

 war, there may be at the same time a relative increase (relative te 

 other crimes) in those forms of crime, the motives for wich are veng- 

 eance and hatred of public order. This is illustrated in table 2, which 

 gives for France the relative numbers of murders, assassination, 

 arsons and poisonings, inspired by various motives at the time ofthe 

 Franco-Gérman Avar. It will be noted in the table, that the figures for 

 domestic and accidental quarrels, for hatred towards individuáis and 

 especially hatred of public order are much higher in war than peace 

 time, while crime inspired by cupidity are more numerous in peace 

 than in war. 



TABLE 2. 



Motives for crime in peace and war in France ' 



Crimes of murder, assassination, arson and 

 poisoning (during Franco-German war) inspired by 



Cupidity 



Domestic quarrels 



Adultery and debauchery 



Hatred towards public order . . . . 



Hatred towards individuáis 



Quarrels in saloons and at games 

 Accidental quarrels 



' Compte-rendu general de I' Administration de la jiistice criminelle en France, 

 1870-71. 



