war's effect upon edücation and LITERATÜRE 69 



In Germaiiy, as in England there are increases for 1915, in philo- 

 sophy, religión, law, doniestic economy and military science. There 

 is also an increase in artistic liues,- whicli does not occur in England 

 until 1916, that is during war time. 



In France there is an increase in religión in 1915 as is true of all 

 the other countries, and a very great increase (9.6 per cent) in law, 

 politics, sociology and political economy. Hungary also has the largest 

 increase (5.2 per cent) in these lines. As these two countries sufíer 

 most from the war on account of invasión, the interest in such subjects 

 may have been intensified. France is the only country vshowing an 

 increase in educational works. There is a striking decrease (2.3 per 

 cent) for France in art, fiction, drama and music, for it seems to have 

 increased in all other countries except Italy. 



Italy, as estimated, does not appear to have been affected much by 

 the war thus far in its published works. Contrary to the other coun- 

 tries, except Hungary, there is a decrease in philosophical produc- 

 tions. There is a large increase (3.1 per cent) in sociological subjects 

 larger than in Great Britain and Germany, but smaller than in France 

 and Hungary, where the increase in these subjects is very great. 



Hungary and Italy are the only countries in which there is an in- 

 crease in scientific and mathematical works. Hungary is the only 

 country in which there is an increase in philological and linguistic 

 works. 



BOER WAR AND PUBLICATION OF BOOKS 



We have taken the annual summary of the English Publisher's 

 Circular for each year from 1898 to 1903 inclusive and combined 

 them in table 12. In the second half of the table are given the per- 

 centages, showing the relative increase or decrease of the difterent 

 divisions of literature as classified by the publisher's Circular. 



From the last line of the flrst part of the table giving the total 

 number of publications, including new editions for each year, it will 

 be seen tha1¿ there was a general decrease of published works in the 

 South African war time (1899-1902) as compared with the peace ti- 

 mes 1898 and 1903, and that this decrease was lowest (6044) towards 

 the end of the war in 1901. 



The output of books for 1898 was considerably less (410) than ín 

 1897, and the reason given was the many war rumors at the time. 



