WAR'S EFFECT UFON EDüCATION and LITERATÜRE 71 



As to the relative efííect of war upon the different kinds of litera- 

 ture, the second half of the table will indícate. In general, there is 

 no subject npon wich the war seems to have had a striking influence, 

 «xcept perhaps in the división for miscellaneous subjects which was 

 only one jjer cent in 1901, and rose to 7 per cent in 1902 and 11 per 

 «ent in 1903, due doubtlesstho the large numbers of war pamphlets. 



There was a slight decrease in educational and clerical works and 

 slight increase in scientific and illustrated works, also in political and 

 commercial books, also in geographical works and those on voyage 

 íind travel. 



FRANOO-GERMAN WAR AND LITERATÜRE IN GERMANY * 



Table Í3 gives the number of works published in Germany during 

 peace (1868, 1869, 1872) and war (1870, 1871) times. Eelative per 

 cents of increase or decrease are worked out for difterent branches of 

 knowledge. Under the head of « All works» published, there will be 

 noted a total increase in peace time (1868-69) and decrease inwar ti- 

 me (1870-71), the greatest being in 1870, when the war was most in- 

 tense. The figures for the percentages for the different subjects, indi- 

 cating their relative increase or decrease from year to year, show 

 increases only in encyclopedic, historical and geographical and trade 

 and industrial works during war, that is, the more materialistic sub- 

 jects as distinguished from the less materialistic and more ideal. Thus 

 theology and religión went as low as 12.8 per cent in 1871. Also me- 

 dicine and science (10.8 "/o), philosophy (1.0 7o) and education (14.8) 

 are lower in 1870 than in either the year beforeor afber; this accords 

 with the fact that in the present war, the decrease in students was 

 most in theology, law, philosophy and medicine. 



' VoN Oettingen, Moral Síatisíik, Erlangen, 1878. 



