84 SCUBINC IS, 
Vol. XXIIL No. 275 
_ SOFTLY STEALS THE LIGHT GF DAY 
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CRYSTOGRAPHS, 
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a cay mad fi 
¥ ans for nearly one hundred yoars 
0c. per aquers foot, Sampiss aud capsiogue, ito, rD) CTIONS:—Take one or bwe giasses anew: + 
a > S? y > ; half-hour before each meal. 
CRYSTOGRAPH CO., Case One Dozen Half-Galion Bottles, $4.50 
$16 Nerth Broad st,, Philadelphia, Case Fifty Quarts (Aerated), $7.59. 
Bedford Mineral Springs Co., Bedfvrd, Pa. 
Philadolphia Offics, 1004 Wainny si 
THE WINNIPEG COUNTRY; 
Fact and Theory Papers 
i. THE SUPPRESSION OF CON. | on | 
eye oa By GODFREY W. HAMBLETON, M.D. ROUGHING If WITH AW ECLIPSE PARTY. | 
il. THE SOCIETY AND THE “FAD.” 
By APPLETON MorG@AN, Rsq. 12°. 20 ceats. 
Wi] PROTOPLASM AND LIFE 
a, KD© Ox. 12° 75 cents. 
iV. THE CHEROKEES IN PRE-CO- 
LUMBIAN TIMES. By Cyrus THOMAS. 12°, $1. 
A. ROCHESTER FELLOW. 
By (S, H. SCUDDER. ) 
With thirty-two Illustrations and a Map. 
1223 Sil ai) 
“This is a sprightly narrative of personal inci 
THE MODERN MAUADY : or, Suf- 
ou yn ‘ b] 
fevers from * Nerves. 
An introduction to public consideration, 
‘ota a non-medical point of view, of a con- 
| itron of ill-health which is increasingly 
}orcyalent in all ranks of society. 
In the 
ish part of this work the author dwells on 
the errors in cur wode of treating Neuras- 
henia, consequeut on the wide ignorance of 
he subject which stil] prevails: in the sec- 
mud part, attention is drawn to the principal 
sauses of the malad,. The allegory fomming 
he Latveduct'on to Part J. gives a brief his- 
jucry of nervous exhausticn and the modes of 
treatment which have at varions times been 
thought suitable to this wost painiul and try- 
ing disease. 
By CYRIL BENNETT. 
12°, 184 pp., $1.50. 
V. THE TORNADO. by H. A. Hazmn. dent. 
12°. $1. 
VI. TIME-RELATIONS OF MENTAL 
PHENOMENA. By JOSEPHJASTROW. 12°. 50c. 
VII HOUSEHOLD HYGIENE. By 
‘MakY TaYLOR BISSELL. 12°. 75 cents. 
tory twepty-live 
N. D. C. HODGES, Publisher, 
874 Broadway, New York, 
NEW METHOD OF PROTECTING BULLDINGS FROG LIGHTNING, 
SPARE THE ROD AND SPOIL THE HOUSE! 
Lightning Destroys. Shali it be Your House or a Pound of Copper? 
PROTECTION FROM LIGHTNING. 
What is the Problem? 
In seeking 2 meaus of procectionf'o Liz) pi ¥g-discharges, we havein view 
two objects,— the one the preven dn «fF damare py buil tugs, sud the other 
the prevention of injury to life. In o der ted stroy a building 1a whoje or in 
pari, itis necessary that work stieuid hs Goue; that iv, AS physicists ex; re-s 
ti, energy is required, Ju-t befors the lig ui g- liscuarge takes pave, ihe 
energy capable of doing "he dan ige wich we seek 'o prevent exlsts in the 
column Of air extending from be clea tothe earth in some form that makes 
{tcapabl> of appearing a+ whst we Cail ole: ity. We w li theretc re ca'l it 
electrical energy. Woat this electrical energ is not necessary for us to 
consider in this place; Pt tharitesists there can te no doubt, 48 it manifests 
itself in the destruction ot buildi.g-, [oe problem that we have to d=al with, 
therefore, is the conversion of thi energy into some other torm, and the ac- 
complishmt nt Of tuis iu such w Way as svall resulciu the least injury to prop- 
erty and life. 
H Why Have the Old Rods Failed? 
When Jightning-rods wore fi st yr })>-e7, the sclence of energatics was en- 
tirely undeveloped; thatixte say, inthe id le of the Jast century scientific 
men had not come to ecoguizesth ta | tux> tne different forms of energy — 
heat, electricity, mechanica’ power, el’.— were convertible one Loto the vier, 
and that each could produce just -o much of each of the other forms, and no 
more. The doctrive of the couservation: aud correlation of energy was first 
clearly worked out in the early part of this century. There were, however, 
some facts known ia regar!10 elev ri ity hundred and forty years ago; aud 
among these were t eatr cu xpoverot points for an electric spark, andthe 
conducting power of me als. tiphtuing-roiis ware therefore introduced with 
the idea that the electricliy exl-ting in toe lightning-discharge could be co 1- 
veyed around the building whicu i, was preposed to protect, aud that the 
building would thus be saved. } 
The question as to dissipation of tha energy invelved was entirely Ignored. 
naturally; and from that time totbi~ in: ifs of the best endeavars of th se 
loterested, lightning-rods constractedi ¢ceordance with Prank ii’s pr inviple 
have not furni-hrd satistactory protection. ‘he reasou for lis ls #ppar nt 
when it is considered that the Jlectrica’ energy existivg in toe #fm sphere 
before the discharge. or, more exrctl .i: the columu of dislertric from the 
cloud to the earth, above referred to, r-aches 1s maximum vu sou the sure 
face of the conductors that chance to be within the column «f del ctric; so 
that the greatest display of en-rgy will b> on thasurface of t o very lightuing- 
rods that were meaut 10 protect, and damage results, as so of en provas to be 
the case. i j 
It will be understood, of conrsa, that this display of energy en the surtace 
of the old lightning-rods is sited bv heir b Ine more ari sé Jnsulated from 
the earth, but in any eveur ths very) xi Neyrer ¢ fsueh &@ mass of met lasan 
old lightning-rod can only tend ro predice s dt ation of elec rical 
energy upon its surfave,— ‘‘todriw th ightniz 0 commonly put, 
® Is there a Better Mea:s cf i: catection ? 
Having cleared onr minds, 1h reforr, of any blea cf eo ducting electricity, 
and keeping clearly in view the fact that in providing protection against light- 
ning we must furniso some meens hy which ihe electrical evergy may be 
harmlessly dissipated, the question arises, **¢ 7a a0 improyed form be given 
te therod sothatitshails. n this dissipation?” 
The book will be a pleasant reminder to 
many of*rough experiences 03 a 
rapidly receding.’—Boston Tran: 
“The picture of our desolate North-western terri- 
years ayo, 
civilized aspect to-day, aud the pleasant features of 
the writer’s style, constitute the claims of bis little 
book to present attention. "—Zhe Dial. 
N. D.C. HODGES, 
874 way. New York, 
rontier which is 
ipt. 
In Cuntrast with its 
maa 
AG vant 
N. D. €. HODGES, 874 Broadway, N. Y. 
AS the electricai energy luVvOlved maxtlests Itself Ou fhe surface of conduc 
tors, the improved rod should be metallic; but, instead ¢T maki: ga large rod, 
snppese that we make it compara‘ively sm2!)i..+1Z+, su that tie ts al amount 
ct meal rnnning trom the top of the house to; cm: jc iuf a litle below the 
founiations Shall not exceed ons pound. Supooses, agin, th it wa intreduca 
numerous insulating joints in this rod. We spall teen hive aro] that experi- 
ence shows will be readily destroyed — will be readily dissipased — when a 
dischar-e tikes place; an Lit will be evident, that, so far as the electrical en- 
ergy is consumed in doing this, there will be the less to d9 other damag>. 
The only point that remains to bs proved as to the utility of such a rod is to 
show that the dissipation of such a conductor dvs4 not t nd to injure other 
podies inis immediate vicinity. On this poins I cai ouly s-y that I have 
found no case where such a conductor (for instance, + Fell wire) has been dis- 
Sipat-d, even if resting against a plastered wa!l, where there has been any 
Malerial damsge done to surrounding objects. 
Ofcour e, it14 readily understood that such an explosion cannot take place 
In a confined space without the rupture of the wulls (the wire cannot be 
boarded over); butin every Gass that Ihave found ?: corded this dissipation 
takes vlace jisf us gunpowder birns when spread onaboard. Ths objects 
agalust w ich the conductor rests may be stained, but they are not shatrered, 
Two ld theretore make clear this distinctlon between the action of electri- 
eal energy when dissipated on the surface of alarge conductor and when dis- 
sipated on the surtacs of a comparatively small or easily di sipated conductor. 
When dissipated on the surface of a large conductor, — a conductor so strong 
as to resist tae explosive effecr,—damage results to objec:s around. When 
dissipated on the surface of a small couductor, the conductor goes, but the 
otnoer objects around are saved 
A Typical Case of the Action of a Small Conductor. 
Frankli", ina letter to Collinson read before the London Royal Society, 
Dec. 18, 1755, describing the partial destruction by lighting of a church-tower 
at Newbury, Mass , wrote, ‘* Near the bell was fixed an iron hammer to strike 
the hours; and from the tail of tha hammer a wire went down through a smalk 
gimlet-hole in the floor that the bell stood upon, and through a second floor in 
jike manner; then horizontally under and near the plastered cejling of that 
second floor, till it came near a plastered wall; then down by the side o' that 
wall to aclock, which stood about twenty feet below the bell. The wire was 
not bigger thana common knittiig needie. The spire was split all to piecee 
by ths lightning, and the parts fljiug in all directions over the square in whick 
ihe church stood, so that nothicy remained above the bell. The lightning 
passed between the hammer ad the clock in the above-mentioned wire, 
without hurting either of ihe fleoj)s, or having avy effect upon them (except 
making the gimlet-holes, through which the wire passed, alittle bigger), and 
without hurting the plastered wall, or any partofihs building, so tar as the 
aforesaid wire and the pendnlum-wire of tne clock extended ; which latter 
wire was about tha thickness of a goose-qi ll. From the end of the pendu- 
Jum, down q ‘lite to the grouad, the builtins was exeveedingly rent and dam- 
agel. ... No put of the aforementioned] mg, small wire, between the clock 
aidthe hammer, couid he couna, axcept ahoun two inches that burg to ihe 
taileftue hammer, and about as much that was fastened to the clock; thi 
rest being exploded, and its particles dissipated in smoke and alr, as gun- 
powder is by common fire, and had only Jeft a black smutty track on the plas- 
tering, (\hree or four inches broad. darkest in the middl +, and fairer towards 
the edges, 8 along the celliug. under which it passed, and “own the wall. 7 
Dne nundred feet of the Hodg:s Patent Lightniyvg Dispellsr (made under 
patents of N. D. C. Hodges, Editor of Science) wil be mailed, postpaid, to any 
address, on receipt of five dollars ($5). 
Correspondence solicited. Agents wanted. 
AMERICAN _LIGHTSRING PROTECTION CO., 
#74 Broadway. New York City, 
