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NEW YORK, MARCH 2, 1894. 
SOME ITALIAN “‘SURVIVALS za ““LONG- 
HOUSE” IN THE TIBER DELTA. 
BY ROBERT H. LAMBORN, PH.D. 
AROUND the Eternal City, within easy riding distance, 
one may study many surprising phases of civilization. 
Six miles north-eastward across the Campagna from the 
Porto del Populo, in a secluded valley far from the 
beaten roads, on the lands of Prince Borghese, I found 
several families numbering 26 persons, living in cayes 
with their shaggy white dogs. They subsisted by gather- 
ing wild chiccory for Roman salad-eaters, and by begging 
for alms at the city gates. A furlong from this cave isa 
veritable cliff dwelling. A deep cavity in an almost 
perpendicular escarpment of tufa rock is reached bya 
zig-zag path. Its entrance isclosed by a swinging bundle 
of bush, and within, the irregular floor is divided by 
rough stone walls into pens resembling those in a Colorado 
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cliff-dweller’s habitation. On the western slope of the 
Alban Hills I once dismounted to inspect a flour mill owned 
by the Cenci family, where the vertical shaft of a horizontal 
flutterwheel carries the diminutive grinding stone and the 
water flowing from a historic Etruscan drainage-tunnel 
shoots down a steep stone channel, and dashing out a 
sparkling shower, whirls the toy-like wheel with all the 
prettiness and childish carelessness of force-expenditure 
that one may see in a New Mexican Indian corn-mill. 
The shepherds on the broad domain of Prince Torlonia 
live in beehive-shaped cafanne, built of brush and reeds 
almost as simple in construction as the dwelling reared by 
our western beaver. Their rent they pay weekly by 
selling ewes’ cheese, made over a fire kindled on the 
earthern floor close to the bunk in which the shepherds 
sleep. 
On April 13, 1888, I rode by the Via Ostia, through 
the Tiber Valley, to the district where that river 
divides and enters the Mediterranean. I reached, not 
far from the sea, the property of Prince Aldobrandini 
and soon approached his country seat, near which arise 
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