ORDER BATRACHIA. 427 



last, as in the toad, seem separated in their entire length. 

 Some anatomists, considering that they form the third arti- 

 culation of the pelvian member, regard them as being the 

 astragalus and calcaneum. 



The tarsus is composed of four bones, the last of which is 

 crooked. There are five bones in the metatarsus. 



The toes of the hind foot are five. The thumb, placed 

 inwardly, has but one phalanx. In the two following toes 

 there are two in one, and three in the other. The next has 

 four, and the last three. 



The muscles of the frog are very strong, very irritable, 

 and very sensible to the action of galvanism. It is not neces- 

 sary to enter into a detailed account of them here. We shall 

 simply notice those of the abdominal members, which are 

 better characterized, and have very important functions to 

 fulfil in this genus. 



There is but one gluteus muscle, the medms. It descends 

 from that elongated part which is the iliac portion of the 

 coxal bones, and is fixed below the headof the femur. The 

 pyramidalis comes directly from the point of the sacrum, 

 and is attached towards the upper third of the femur. 



The gemelli, the obturator internus, and the psoas magnus 

 and parvus do not exist. 



The quadratus femoris is elongated. It comes from the 

 posterior symphysis of the ischium, and is attached to the 

 internal side of the femur, towards its upper third. 



The iliacus is very much elongated. 



The pectinalis descends towards one half of the femur. 



The three adductores have attachments analogous to those 

 which they have in man. 



An obturator externus is observable, notwithstanding the 

 absence of the foramen ischii et pubis. It comes from the 

 symphysis of the pubis, and its fibres are inserted on the 

 articular capsula. 



